Judges 3:1 שֹׁפְטִים

Who acts: these, LORD, Canaan · What happens: be, leave, prove, not know, war · To what, where: nations, Israel, wars

This is Judges 3:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — these, LORD, Canaan — and what happens in the verse to nations, Israel, wars, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְאֵ֤לֶּה הַגּוֹיִם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר הִנִּ֣יחַ יְהוָ֔ה לְנַסּ֥וֹת בָּ֖ם אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל אֵ֚ת כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹֽא־יָדְע֔וּ אֵ֖ת כָּל־מִלְחֲמ֥וֹת כְּנָֽעַן׃

Now these are the nations which the LORD left, to prove Israel by them, even as many as had not known all the wars of Canaan;

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 אֵ֤לֶּה	cc	and
2	אֵ֤לֶּה	אֵלֶּה	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur PronType=Dem	root	root	these
3	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	4 גּוֹיִם֙	det	[are] the
4	גּוֹיִם֙	גּוֹי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 אֵ֤לֶּה	nsubj	nations
5	אֲשֶׁ֣ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	6 הִנִּ֣יחַ	mark	which
6	הִנִּ֣יחַ	נוח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	4 גּוֹיִם֙	acl:relcl	he left
7	יְהוָ֔ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	6 הִנִּ֣יחַ	nsubj	Yahweh
8	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	9 נַסּ֥וֹת	case	to
9	נַסּ֥וֹת	נָסָה	VERB	HebBinyan=PIEL	6 הִנִּ֣יחַ	advcl	put to the test
10	בּ	בְּ	ADP	_	11 ָ֖ם	case	by
11	ָ֖ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 נַסּ֥וֹת	obl	them
12	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	13 יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל	case	(et)
13	יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	9 נַסּ֥וֹת	obj	Israel
14	אֵ֚ת	אֵת	ADP	_	15 כָּל־	case	(et)
15	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	13 יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל	appos	all
16	אֲשֶׁ֣ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	18 יָדְע֔וּ	mark	[those] who
17	לֹֽא־	לֹא	ADV	_	18 יָדְע֔וּ	advmod	not
18	יָדְע֔וּ	יָדַע	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	15 כָּל־	acl:relcl	they had known
19	אֵ֖ת	אֵת	ADP	_	20 כָּל־	case	(et)
20	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	18 יָדְע֔וּ	obj	all
21	מִלְחֲמ֥וֹת	מִלְחָמָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	20 כָּל־	compound:smixut	the wars
22	כְּנָֽעַן	כְּנַעַן	PROPN	_	21 מִלְחֲמ֥וֹת	compound:smixut	of Canaan
23	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	22 כְּנָֽעַן	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
הִנִּיחַ he left	qatal · hiphil	גּוֹיִם nations		יְהוָה Yahweh
נַסּוֹת put to the test	infinitive construct · piel	יְהוָה Yahweh	יִשְׂרָאֵל Israel
not יָדְעוּ they had known	qatal · qal	כָּל־ all	מִלְחֲמוֹת the wars

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וְאִלֵין עַמְמַיָא דִי שְׁבַק יְיָ לְנַסָאָה בְהוֹן יַת יִשְׂרָאֵל יַת כָּל דְלָא הֲווֹ יָדְעִין יַת כָּל קְרָבֵי כְנָעַן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Now these are the nations which the LORD left, to prove Israel by them, even as many as had not known all the wars of Canaan;

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JDG:59.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.3.1/