Judges 6:2 שֹׁפְטִים

Who acts: hand, children, dens · What happens: prevail, make, be · To what, where: Israel, dens, them, mountains

This is Judges 6:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — hand, children, dens — and what happens in the verse to Israel, dens, them, mountains, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַתָּ֥עָז יַד־מִדְיָ֖ן עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל מִפְּנֵ֨י מִדְיָ֜ן עָשֽׂוּ לָהֶ֣ם ׀ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל אֶת־הַמִּנְהָרוֹת֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בֶּֽהָרִ֔ים וְאֶת־הַמְּעָר֖וֹת וְאֶת־הַמְּצָדֽוֹת׃

And the hand of Midian prevailed against Israel; and because of Midian the children of Israel made them the dens which are in the mountains, and the caves, and the strongholds.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 תָּ֥עָז	cc	and
2	תָּ֥עָז	עָזַז	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it prevailed
3	יַד־	יָד	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 תָּ֥עָז	nsubj	the hand
4	מִדְיָ֖ן	מִדְיָן	PROPN	_	3 יַד־	compound:smixut	of Midian
5	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	6 יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל	case	over
6	יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	2 תָּ֥עָז	obl	Israel
7	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	8 פְּנֵ֨י	case	because
8	פְּנֵ֨י	פָּנֶה	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 עָשֽׂוּ	obl	of
9	מִדְיָ֜ן	מִדְיָן	PROPN	_	8 פְּנֵ֨י	compound:smixut	Midian
10	עָשֽׂוּ	עָשָׂה	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 תָּ֥עָז	parataxis	they made
11	ל	לְ	ADP	_	12 ָהֶ֣ם	case	for
12	ָהֶ֣ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 עָשֽׂוּ	obl	themselves
13	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	12 ָהֶ֣ם	punct
14	בְּנֵ֣י	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	10 עָשֽׂוּ	nsubj	the people
15	יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	14 בְּנֵ֣י	compound:smixut	of Israel
16	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	18 מִּנְהָרוֹת֙	case	(et)
17	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	18 מִּנְהָרוֹת֙	det	the
18	מִּנְהָרוֹת֙	מִנְהָרָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	10 עָשֽׂוּ	obj	dens
19	אֲשֶׁ֣ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	22 הָרִ֔ים	mark	which
20	בֶּֽ	בְּ	ADP	_	22 הָרִ֔ים	case	[are] in
21	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	22 הָרִ֔ים	det	the
22	הָרִ֔ים	הַר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	18 מִּנְהָרוֹת֙	acl:relcl	mountains
23	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	26 מְּעָר֖וֹת	cc	and
24	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	26 מְּעָר֖וֹת	case	(et)
25	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	26 מְּעָר֖וֹת	det	the
26	מְּעָר֖וֹת	מְעָרָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	18 מִּנְהָרוֹת֙	conj	caves
27	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	30 מְּצָדֽוֹת	cc	and
28	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	30 מְּצָדֽוֹת	case	(et)
29	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	30 מְּצָדֽוֹת	det	the
30	מְּצָדֽוֹת	מְצָד	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	18 מִּנְהָרוֹת֙	conj	strongholds
31	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	30 מְּצָדֽוֹת	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
תָּעָז it prevailed	wayyiqtol · qal	יַד־ the hand
עָשֽׂוּ they made	qatal · qal	בְּנֵי the people	מִּנְהָרוֹת dens + מְּעָרוֹת caves + מְּצָדֽוֹת strongholds

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וּתְקֵיפַת יַד מִדְיָנָאֵי עַל יִשְׂרָאל מִן קֳדָם מִדְיָנָאֵי עֲבָדוּ לְהוֹן בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל יַת מַטְמוֹרִיתָא דִבְטוּרַיָא וְיַת מְעָרָתָא וְיַת מְצוֹדָתָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And the hand of Midian prevailed against Israel; and because of Midian the children of Israel made them the dens which are in the mountains, and the caves, and the strongholds.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JDG:146.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.6.2/