Judges 7:24 שֹׁפְטִים

Who acts: Gideon · What happens: send, say, come down, take, gather · To what, where: messengers, Midian, waters, men · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Judges 7:24 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Gideon — and what happens in the verse to messengers, Midian, waters, men, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וּמַלְאָכִ֡ים שָׁלַ֣ח גִּדְעוֹן֩ בְּכָל־הַ֨ר אֶפְרַ֜יִם לֵאמֹ֗ר רְד֞וּ לִקְרַ֤את מִדְיָן֙ וְלִכְד֤וּ לָהֶם֙ אֶת־הַמַּ֔יִם עַ֛ד בֵּ֥ית בָּרָ֖ה בֵּ֥ית בָּרָ֖ה וְאֶת־הַיַּרְדֵּ֑ן וַיִּצָּעֵ֞ק כָּל־אִ֤ישׁ אֶפְרַ֙יִם֙ וַיִּלְכְּד֣וּ אֶת־הַמַּ֔יִם עַ֛ד בֵּ֥ית בָּרָ֖ה בֵּ֥ית בָּרָ֖ה וְאֶת־הַיַּרְדֵּֽן׃

And Gideon sent messengers throughout all the hill-country of Ephraim, saying: 'Come down against Midian, and take before them the waters, as far as Beth-barah, and also the Jordan.' So all the men of Ephraim were gathered together, and took the waters as far as Beth-barah, and also the Jordan.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	3 שָׁלַ֣ח	cc	and
2	מַלְאָכִ֡ים	מַלְאָךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	3 שָׁלַ֣ח	obj	messengers
3	שָׁלַ֣ח	שָׁלַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he sent
4	גִּדְעוֹן֩	גִּדְעוֹן	PROPN	_	3 שָׁלַ֣ח	nsubj	Gideon
5	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	6 כָל־	case	in
6	כָל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	3 שָׁלַ֣ח	obl	all
7	הַ֨ר	הַר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 כָל־	compound:smixut	the hill country
8	אֶפְרַ֜יִם	אֶפְרַיִם	PROPN	_	7 הַ֨ר	compound:smixut	of Ephraim
9	לֵ	לְ	ADP	ExtPos=SCONJ	11 רְד֞וּ	mark	(cmp)
10	אמֹ֗ר	אָמַר	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	9 לֵ	fixed
11	רְד֞וּ	יָרַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	3 שָׁלַ֣ח	advcl	come down
12	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	13 קְרַ֤את	case	to
13	קְרַ֤את	קרא	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	11 רְד֞וּ	advcl	meet
14	מִדְיָן֙	מִדְיָן	PROPN	_	13 קְרַ֤את	obj	Midian
15	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	16 לִכְד֤וּ	cc	and
16	לִכְד֤וּ	לָכַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	3 שָׁלַ֣ח	conj	capture
17	ל	לְ	ADP	_	18 ָהֶם֙	case	to
18	ָהֶם֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 לִכְד֤וּ	obl	them
19	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	21 מַּ֔יִם	case	(et)
20	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	21 מַּ֔יִם	det	the
21	מַּ֔יִם	מַיִם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	16 לִכְד֤וּ	obj	waters
22	עַ֛ד	עַד	ADP	_	23 בֵּ֥ית	case	to
23	בֵּ֥ית	בֵּית	PROPN	_	16 לִכְד֤וּ	obl	Beth
24	בָּרָ֖ה	בָּרָה	PROPN	_	23 בֵּ֥ית	flat:name
25	בֵּ֥ית	בֵּית	PROPN	_	23 בֵּ֥ית	nmod	Barah
26	בָּרָ֖ה	בָּרָה	PROPN	_	25 בֵּ֥ית	flat:name
27	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	30 יַּרְדֵּ֑ן	cc	and
28	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	30 יַּרְדֵּ֑ן	case	(et)
29	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	30 יַּרְדֵּ֑ן	det	the
30	יַּרְדֵּ֑ן	יַרְדֵּן	PROPN	_	16 לִכְד֤וּ	conj	Jordan
31	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	32 יִּצָּעֵ֞ק	cc	and
32	יִּצָּעֵ֞ק	צָעַק	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=3	3 שָׁלַ֣ח	conj	he was summoned
33	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	32 יִּצָּעֵ֞ק	nsubj	every
34	אִ֤ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	33 כָּל־	compound:smixut	(the) man
35	אֶפְרַ֙יִם֙	אֶפְרַיִם	PROPN	_	34 אִ֤ישׁ	compound:smixut	of Ephraim
36	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	37 יִּלְכְּד֣וּ	cc	and
37	יִּלְכְּד֣וּ	לָכַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	3 שָׁלַ֣ח	conj	they captured
38	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	40 מַּ֔יִם	case	(et)
39	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	40 מַּ֔יִם	det	the
40	מַּ֔יִם	מַיִם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	37 יִּלְכְּד֣וּ	obj	waters
41	עַ֛ד	עַד	ADP	_	42 בֵּ֥ית	case	to
42	בֵּ֥ית	בֵּית	PROPN	_	37 יִּלְכְּד֣וּ	obl	Beth
43	בָּרָ֖ה	בָּרָה	PROPN	_	42 בֵּ֥ית	flat:name
44	בֵּ֥ית	בֵּית	PROPN	_	42 בֵּ֥ית	nmod	Barah
45	בָּרָ֖ה	בָּרָה	PROPN	_	44 בֵּ֥ית	flat:name
46	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	49 יַּרְדֵּֽן	cc	and
47	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	49 יַּרְדֵּֽן	case	(et)
48	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	49 יַּרְדֵּֽן	det	the
49	יַּרְדֵּֽן	יַרְדֵּן	PROPN	_	37 יִּלְכְּד֣וּ	conj	Jordan
50	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	49 יַּרְדֵּֽן	punct

Pragmatics

form: command
act: request
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · assert · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
שָׁלַח he sent	qatal · qal	גִּדְעוֹן Gideon	מַלְאָכִים messengers
אמֹר	infinitive construct · qal	גִּדְעוֹן Gideon
רְדוּ come down	imperative · qal	אֶפְרַיִם of Ephraim
קְרַאת meet	infinitive construct · qal	אֶפְרַיִם of Ephraim	מִדְיָן Midian
לִכְדוּ capture	imperative · qal	אֶפְרַיִם of Ephraim	מַּיִם waters
יִּצָּעֵק he was summoned	wayyiqtol · niphal		כָּל־ every
יִּלְכְּדוּ they captured	wayyiqtol · qal	כָּל־ every

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וְאִזְגַדִין שְׁלַח גִדְעוֹן בְּכָל טוּרָא דְבֵית אֶפְרַיִם לְמֵימָר חוּתוּ לָקֳדָמוּת מִדְיָנָאֵי וַאֲחָדוּ עֲלֵיהוֹן יַת מִגִיזָתָא עַד בֵּית בָּרָה וְיַת יַרְדְנָא וְאִתְכְּנִישׁ כָּל אֱנָשׁ אֶפְרַיִם וַאֲחָדוּ יַת מְגִיזָתָא עַד בֵּית בָּרָה וְיַת יַרְדָנָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And Gideon sent messengers throughout all the hill-country of Ephraim, saying: 'Come down against Midian, and take before them the waters, as far as Beth-barah, and also the Jordan.' So all the men of Ephraim were gathered together, and took the waters as far as Beth-barah, and also the Jordan.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JDG:208.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.7.24/