Judges 9:44 שֹׁפְטִים

Who acts: Abimelech, two companies · What happens: rush, stand, be, smote · To what, where: entrance, all, field, companies

This is Judges 9:44 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Abimelech, two companies — and what happens in the verse to entrance, all, field, companies, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַאֲבִימֶ֗לֶךְ וְהָרָאשִׁים֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עִמּ֔וֹ פָּשְׁט֕וּ וַיַּ֣עַמְד֔וּ פֶּ֖תַח שַׁ֣עַר הָעִ֑יר וּשְׁנֵ֣י הָֽרָאשִׁ֗ים פָּֽשְׁט֛וּ עַֽל־כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֥ר בַּשָּׂדֶ֖ה וַיַּכּֽוּם׃

And Abimelech, and the companies that were with him, rushed forward, and stood in the entrance of the gate of the city; and the two companies rushed upon all that were in the field, and smote them.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	9 פָּשְׁט֕וּ	cc	and
2	אֲבִימֶ֗לֶךְ	אֲבִימֶלֶךְ	PROPN	_	9 פָּשְׁט֕וּ	nsubj	Abimelech
3	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	5 רָאשִׁים֙	cc	and
4	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	5 רָאשִׁים֙	det	the
5	רָאשִׁים֙	רֹאשׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 אֲבִימֶ֗לֶךְ	conj	companies
6	אֲשֶׁ֣ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	8 ֔וֹ	mark	which
7	עִמּ	עִם	ADP	_	8 ֔וֹ	case	[were] with
8	֔וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 רָאשִׁים֙	acl:relcl	him
9	פָּשְׁט֕וּ	פָּשַׁט	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they made a raid
10	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 יַּ֣עַמְד֔וּ	cc	and
11	יַּ֣עַמְד֔וּ	עָמַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	9 פָּשְׁט֕וּ	conj	they stood
12	פֶּ֖תַח	פֶּתַח	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 יַּ֣עַמְד֔וּ	obl	the entrance
13	שַׁ֣עַר	שַׁעַר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	12 פֶּ֖תַח	compound:smixut	of the gate
14	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	15 עִ֑יר	det	of
15	עִ֑יר	עִיר	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	13 שַׁ֣עַר	compound:smixut	the city
16	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	20 פָּֽשְׁט֛וּ	cc	and
17	שְׁנֵ֣י	שְׁנַיִם	NUM	Gender=Masc Number=Dual	19 רָאשִׁ֗ים	nummod	the two
18	הָֽ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	19 רָאשִׁ֗ים	det	the
19	רָאשִׁ֗ים	רֹאשׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	20 פָּֽשְׁט֛וּ	nsubj	companies
20	פָּֽשְׁט֛וּ	פָּשַׁט	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	9 פָּשְׁט֕וּ	conj	they made a raid
21	עַֽל־	עַל	ADP	_	22 כָּל־	case	on
22	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	20 פָּֽשְׁט֛וּ	obl	all
23	אֲשֶׁ֥ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	26 שָּׂדֶ֖ה	mark	[those] who
24	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	26 שָּׂדֶ֖ה	case	[were] in
25	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	26 שָּׂדֶ֖ה	det	the
26	שָּׂדֶ֖ה	שָׂדֶה	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	22 כָּל־	acl:relcl	field
27	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	28 יַּכּֽוּ	cc	and
28	יַּכּֽוּ	נָכָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=3	9 פָּשְׁט֕וּ	conj	they
29	ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	28 יַּכּֽוּ	obj	attacked them
30	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	29 ם	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	who makes it happen (AA)
פָּשְׁטוּ they made a raid	qatal · qal	אֲבִימֶלֶךְ Abimelech + רָאשִׁים companies
יַּעַמְדוּ they stood	wayyiqtol · qal	אֲבִימֶלֶךְ Abimelech + רָאשִׁים companies
פָּֽשְׁטוּ they made a raid	qatal · qal	רָאשִׁים companies
יַּכּֽוּ they	wayyiqtol · hiphil	ם attacked them	רָאשִׁים companies

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲבִימֶלֶךְ וְכָל מַשִׁרְיָן דְעִמֵיהּ אִתְנְגִידוּ וְקָמוּ בְּמַעֲלָנָא דִתְרַע קַרְתָּא וְתַרְתֵּין מַשִׁרְיָן אִתְנְגִידוּ עַל כָּל דִי בְחַקְלָא וְקַטְלוּנוּן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And Abimelech, and the companies that were with him, rushed forward, and stood in the entrance of the gate of the city; and the two companies rushed upon all that were in the field, and smote them.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JDG:288.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.9.44/