Judges 9:45 שֹׁפְטִים

Who acts: Abimelech, people · What happens: fight, take, slay, be, beat down, sow · To what, where: city, people

This is Judges 9:45 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Abimelech, people — and what happens in the verse to city, people, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַאֲבִימֶ֜לֶךְ נִלְחָ֣ם בָּעִ֗יר כֹּ֚ל הַיּ֣וֹם הַה֔וּא וַיִּלְכֹּד֙ אֶת־הָעִ֔יר וְאֶת־הָעָ֥ם אֲשֶׁר־בָּ֖הּ הָרָ֑ג וַיִּתֹּץ֙ אֶת־הָעִ֔יר וַיִּזְרָעֶ֖הָ מֶֽלַח׃פ

And Abimelech fought against the city all that day; and he took the city, and slew the people that were therein; and he beat down the city, and sowed it with salt.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	3 נִלְחָ֣ם	cc	and
2	אֲבִימֶ֜לֶךְ	אֲבִימֶלֶךְ	PROPN	_	3 נִלְחָ֣ם	nsubj	Abimelech
3	נִלְחָ֣ם	לָחַם	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing	root	root	[was] fighting
4	בָּ	בְּ	ADP	_	6 עִ֗יר	case	against
5	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	6 עִ֗יר	det	the
6	עִ֗יר	עִיר	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	3 נִלְחָ֣ם	obl	city
7	כֹּ֚ל	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	3 נִלְחָ֣ם	obl	all
8	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	9 יּ֣וֹם	det	the
9	יּ֣וֹם	יוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	7 כֹּ֚ל	compound:smixut	day
10	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	11 ה֔וּא	det	(the)
11	ה֔וּא	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 יּ֣וֹם	det	that
12	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	13 יִּלְכֹּד֙	cc	and
13	יִּלְכֹּד֙	לָכַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	3 נִלְחָ֣ם	conj	he captured
14	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	16 עִ֔יר	case	(et)
15	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	16 עִ֔יר	det	the
16	עִ֔יר	עִיר	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	13 יִּלְכֹּד֙	obj	city
17	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	24 הָרָ֑ג	cc	and
18	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	20 עָ֥ם	case	(et)
19	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	20 עָ֥ם	det	the
20	עָ֥ם	עַם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	24 הָרָ֑ג	obj	people
21	אֲשֶׁר־	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	23 ָ֖הּ	mark	which
22	בּ	בְּ	ADP	_	23 ָ֖הּ	case	[was] in
23	ָ֖הּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 עָ֥ם	acl:relcl	it
24	הָרָ֑ג	הָרַג	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	3 נִלְחָ֣ם	conj	he killed
25	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	26 יִּתֹּץ֙	cc	and
26	יִּתֹּץ֙	נָתַץ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	3 נִלְחָ֣ם	conj	he pulled down
27	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	29 עִ֔יר	case	(et)
28	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	29 עִ֔יר	det	the
29	עִ֔יר	עִיר	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	26 יִּתֹּץ֙	obj	city
30	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	31 יִּזְרָע	cc	and
31	יִּזְרָע	זָרַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	3 נִלְחָ֣ם	conj	he
32	ֶ֖הָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	31 יִּזְרָע	obj	sowed it
33	מֶֽלַח	מֶלַח	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	31 יִּזְרָע	obl	salt
34	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	33 מֶֽלַח	punct
35	פ	פ	PUNCT	_	33 מֶֽלַח	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
נִלְחָם [was] fighting	participle active · niphal	אֲבִימֶלֶךְ Abimelech
יִּלְכֹּד he captured	wayyiqtol · qal	אֲבִימֶלֶךְ Abimelech	עִיר city
הָרָג he killed	qatal · qal	אֲבִימֶלֶךְ Abimelech	עָם people
יִּתֹּץ he pulled down	wayyiqtol · qal	אֲבִימֶלֶךְ Abimelech	עִיר city
יִּזְרָע he	wayyiqtol · qal	אֲבִימֶלֶךְ Abimelech	ֶהָ sowed it

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲבִימֶלֶךְ אַגִיחַ קְרָבָא בְקַרְתָּא כָּל יוֹמָא הַהוּא וּכְבַשׁ יַת קַרְתָּא וְיַת עַמָא דִי בָהּ קְטַל וּתְרַע יַת קַרְתָּא וְזַרְעָה מִלְחָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And Abimelech fought against the city all that day; and he took the city, and slew the people that were therein; and he beat down the city, and sowed it with salt.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JDG:289.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.9.45/