Jeremiah 1:19 יִרְמְיָהוּ
Who acts: cities, I, LORD · What happens: fight, not prevail, be, say, deliver · To what, where: thee · Speech: someone speaks in this verse
This is Jeremiah 1:19 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — cities, I, LORD — and what happens in the verse to thee, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
וְנִלְחֲמ֥וּ אֵלֶ֖יךָ וְלֹא־י֣וּכְלוּ לָ֑ךְ כִּֽי־אִתְּךָ֥ אֲנִ֛י נְאֻם־יְהוָ֖ה לְהַצִּילֶֽךָ׃פ
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 2 נִלְחֲמ֥וּ | cc | and |
| 2 | נִלְחֲמ֥וּ | לָחַם | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Plur Person=3 | root | root | they will fight |
| 3 | אֵלֶ֖י | אֶל | ADP | _ | 4 ךָ | case | against |
| 4 | ךָ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs | 2 נִלְחֲמ֥וּ | obl | you |
| 5 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 7 י֣וּכְלוּ | cc | and |
| 6 | לֹא־ | לֹא | ADV | _ | 7 י֣וּכְלוּ | advmod | not |
| 7 | י֣וּכְלוּ | יָכֹל | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3 | 2 נִלְחֲמ֥וּ | conj | they will prevail |
| 8 | ל | לְ | ADP | _ | 9 ָ֑ךְ | case | to |
| 9 | ָ֑ךְ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs | 7 י֣וּכְלוּ | obl | you |
| 10 | כִּֽי־ | כִּי | SCONJ | _ | 12 ְךָ֥ | mark | (dm) |
| 11 | אִתּ | אֵת | ADP | _ | 12 ְךָ֥ | case | [will |
| 12 | ְךָ֥ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs | 2 נִלְחֲמ֥וּ | advcl | be] with you |
| 13 | אֲנִ֛י | אֲנִי | PRON | Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 12 ְךָ֥ | nsubj | I |
| 14 | נְאֻם־ | נְאֻם | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 2 נִלְחֲמ֥וּ | parataxis | the utterance |
| 15 | יְהוָ֖ה | יהוה | PROPN | _ | 14 נְאֻם־ | compound:smixut | of Yahweh |
| 16 | לְ | לְ | ADP | _ | 17 הַצִּיל | case | to |
| 17 | הַצִּיל | נָצַל | VERB | HebBinyan=HIPHIL | 12 ְךָ֥ | advcl | deliver |
| 18 | ֶֽךָ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs | 17 הַצִּיל | obj | you |
| 19 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 18 ֶֽךָ | punct | |
| 20 | פ | פ | PUNCT | _ | 18 ֶֽךָ | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- speech
- inside a quote begun earlier
- negation
- yes
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| נִלְחֲמוּ they will fight | weqatal · niphal | ||||
| not יוּכְלוּ they will prevail | yiqtol · qal | ||||
| הַצִּיל deliver | infinitive construct · hiphil | ֶֽךָ you |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Jonathan
וִיהוֹן דְיָנִין וּמְגִיחִין לְקִבְלָךְ לְמִסְתַּר יַת פִּתְגָמֵי נְבוּאֲתָךְ וְלָא יָכְלִין לָךְ אֲרֵי בְסַעְדָךְ מֵימְרִי אֲמַר יְיָ לְשֵׁיזָבוּתָךְ:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:JER:18.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.1.19/