Jeremiah 10:18 יִרְמְיָהוּ
Who acts: LORD, I, inhabitants · What happens: say, sling out, distress, feel · To what, where: inhabitants, land · Speech: someone speaks in this verse
This is Jeremiah 10:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, I, inhabitants — and what happens in the verse to inhabitants, land, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
כִּֽי־כֹה֙ אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה הִנְנִ֥י קוֹלֵ֛עַ אֶת־יוֹשְׁבֵ֥י הָאָ֖רֶץ בַּפַּ֣עַם הַזֹּ֑את וַהֲצֵר֥וֹתִי לָהֶ֖ם לְמַ֥עַן יִמְצָֽאוּ׃ס
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | כִּֽי־ | כִּי | SCONJ | _ | 3 אָמַ֣ר | mark | (dm) |
| 2 | כֹה֙ | כֹּה | ADV | _ | 3 אָמַ֣ר | advmod | thus |
| 3 | אָמַ֣ר | אָמַר | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | root | root | he says |
| 4 | יְהוָ֔ה | יהוה | PROPN | _ | 3 אָמַ֣ר | nsubj | Yahweh |
| 5 | הִנ | הִנֵּה | INTJ | _ | 7 קוֹלֵ֛עַ | nsubj | here |
| 6 | ְנִ֥י | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 5 הִנ | nsubj | I |
| 7 | קוֹלֵ֛עַ | קָלַע | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing | 3 אָמַ֣ר | ccomp | [am] about to sling forth |
| 8 | אֶת־ | אֵת | ADP | _ | 9 יוֹשְׁבֵ֥י | case | (et) |
| 9 | יוֹשְׁבֵ֥י | יָשַׁב | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur | 7 קוֹלֵ֛עַ | obj | the inhabitants |
| 10 | הָ | הַ | DET | PronType=Art | 11 אָ֖רֶץ | det | of |
| 11 | אָ֖רֶץ | אֶרֶץ | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 יוֹשְׁבֵ֥י | compound:smixut | the land |
| 12 | בַּ | בְּ | ADP | _ | 14 פַּ֣עַם | case | at |
| 13 | ה | הַ | DET | PronType=Art | 14 פַּ֣עַם | det | the |
| 14 | פַּ֣עַם | פַּעַם | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 7 קוֹלֵ֛עַ | obl | time |
| 15 | הַ | הַ | DET | PronType=Art | 16 זֹּ֑את | det | (the) |
| 16 | זֹּ֑את | זֹאת | DET | Gender=Fem Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 14 פַּ֣עַם | det | this |
| 17 | וַ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 18 הֲצֵר֥וֹתִי | cc | and |
| 18 | הֲצֵר֥וֹתִי | צָרַר | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=1 | 7 קוֹלֵ֛עַ | conj | I will cause distress |
| 19 | ל | לְ | ADP | _ | 20 ָהֶ֖ם | case | to |
| 20 | ָהֶ֖ם | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 הֲצֵר֥וֹתִי | obl | them |
| 21 | לְמַ֥עַן | לְמַעַן | SCONJ | _ | 22 יִמְצָֽאוּ | mark | so that |
| 22 | יִמְצָֽאוּ | מָצָא | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3 | 7 קוֹלֵ֛עַ | parataxis | they may find |
| 23 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 22 יִמְצָֽאוּ | punct | |
| 24 | ס | ס | PUNCT | _ | 22 יִמְצָֽאוּ | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- speech
- a frame and its quote
- negation
- no
- the frame alone
- decl · assert · none
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| אָמַר he says | qatal · qal | יְהוָה Yahweh | |||
| קוֹלֵעַ [am] about to sling forth | participle active · qal | ְנִי I | יוֹשְׁבֵי the inhabitants | ||
| הֲצֵרוֹתִי I will cause distress | weqatal · hiphil | יְהוָה Yahweh | |||
| יִמְצָֽאוּ they may find | yiqtol · qal | יוֹשְׁבֵי the inhabitants |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Jonathan
אֲרֵי כִדְנַן אֲמַר יְיָ הָא אֲנָא מַיְתִי עָקָא עַל עַמָא הָדֵין וּכְמָה דְשָׁרָן אַבְנָא בְקִלְעָא כֵּן אֱבַדַר יַת יַתְבֵי אַרְעָא בְּזִמְנָא הָדָא וְאָעֵיק לְהוֹן בְדִיל דִיקַבְּלוּן פּוּרְעָנוּת חוֹבֵיהוֹן:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:JER:271.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.10.18/