Jeremiah 25:32 יִרְמְיָהוּ
Who acts: LORD, evil · What happens: say, go, raise up · To what, where: nation, great storm, uttermost parts · Speech: someone speaks in this verse
This is Jeremiah 25:32 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, evil — and what happens in the verse to nation, great storm, uttermost parts, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת הִנֵּ֥ה רָעָ֛ה יֹצֵ֖את מִגּ֣וֹי אֶל־גּ֑וֹי וְסַ֣עַר גָּד֔וֹל יֵע֖וֹר מִיַּרְכְּתֵי־אָֽרֶץ׃
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | כֹּ֤ה | כֹּה | ADV | _ | 2 אָמַר֙ | advmod | thus |
| 2 | אָמַר֙ | אָמַר | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | root | root | he says |
| 3 | יְהוָ֣ה | יהוה | PROPN | _ | 2 אָמַר֙ | nsubj | Yahweh |
| 4 | צְבָא֔וֹת | צָבָא | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 יְהוָ֣ה | compound:smixut | of hosts |
| 5 | הִנֵּ֥ה | הִנֵּה | INTJ | _ | 7 יֹצֵ֖את | discourse | there! |
| 6 | רָעָ֛ה | רָעָה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 7 יֹצֵ֖את | nsubj | calamity |
| 7 | יֹצֵ֖את | יָצָא | VERB | Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing | 2 אָמַר֙ | ccomp | [is] about to go forth |
| 8 | מִ | מִן | ADP | _ | 9 גּ֣וֹי | case | from |
| 9 | גּ֣וֹי | גּוֹי | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 7 יֹצֵ֖את | obl | nation |
| 10 | אֶל־ | אֶל | ADP | _ | 11 גּ֑וֹי | case | to |
| 11 | גּ֑וֹי | גּוֹי | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 9 גּ֣וֹי | conj | nation |
| 12 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 15 יֵע֖וֹר | cc | and |
| 13 | סַ֣עַר | סַעַר | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 15 יֵע֖וֹר | nsubj | a storm |
| 14 | גָּד֔וֹל | גָּדוֹל | ADJ | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 13 סַ֣עַר | amod | great |
| 15 | יֵע֖וֹר | עוּר | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 7 יֹצֵ֖את | conj | it will be roused |
| 16 | מִ | מִן | ADP | _ | 17 יַּרְכְּתֵי־ | case | from [the] |
| 17 | יַּרְכְּתֵי־ | יַרְכָה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Dual | 15 יֵע֖וֹר | obl | remotest parts |
| 18 | אָֽרֶץ | אֶרֶץ | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 יַּרְכְּתֵי־ | compound:smixut | of [the] earth |
| 19 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 18 אָֽרֶץ | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- speech
- a frame and its quote
- negation
- no
- the frame alone
- decl · assert · none
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| אָמַר he says | qatal · qal | יְהוָה Yahweh | |||
| יֹצֵאת [is] about to go forth | participle active · qal | רָעָה calamity | |||
| יֵעוֹר it will be roused | yiqtol · niphal | סַעַר a storm |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Jonathan
כִּדְנַן אֲמַר יְיָ צְבָאוֹת הָא בִּישְׁתָא נַפְקָא מֵעַם לְעַם וְעַמְמִין רַבְרְבִין יֵיתוּן בִּגְלֵי מִסְיָפֵי אַרְעָא:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:JER:618.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.25.32/