Jeremiah 28:16 יִרְמְיָהוּ

Who acts: LORD, I, thou · What happens: say, send away, die, speak · To what, where: thee, face, perversion · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Jeremiah 28:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, I, thou — and what happens in the verse to thee, face, perversion, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

לָכֵ֗ן כֹּ֚ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה הִנְנִי֙ מְשַֽׁלֵּֽחֲךָ֔ מֵעַ֖ל פְּנֵ֣י הָאֲדָמָ֑ה הַשָּׁנָה֙ אַתָּ֣ה מֵ֔ת כִּֽי־סָרָ֥ה דִבַּ֖רְתָּ אֶל־יְהוָֽה׃

'Therefore thus saith the LORD: Behold, I will send thee away from off the face of the earth; this year thou shalt die, because thou hast spoken perversion against the LORD.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	לָ	לָכֵן	ADP	_	2 כֵ֗ן	case	therefore
2	כֵ֗ן	כֵּן	ADV	_	root	root
3	כֹּ֚ה	כֹּה	ADV	_	4 אָמַ֣ר	advmod	thus
4	אָמַ֣ר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 כֵ֗ן	parataxis	he says
5	יְהוָ֔ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	4 אָמַ֣ר	nsubj	Yahweh
6	הִנ	הִנֵּה	INTJ	_	8 מְשַֽׁלֵּֽח	nsubj	here
7	ְנִי֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	6 הִנ	nsubj	I
8	מְשַֽׁלֵּֽח	שָׁלַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing	4 אָמַ֣ר	ccomp	[am] about
9	ֲךָ֔	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	8 מְשַֽׁלֵּֽח	obj	to cast you out
10	מֵ	מִן	ADP	_	12 פְּנֵ֣י	case	from
11	עַ֖ל	עַל	ADP	_	12 פְּנֵ֣י	case	on
12	פְּנֵ֣י	פָּנֶה	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 מְשַֽׁלֵּֽח	obl	the surface
13	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	14 אֲדָמָ֑ה	det	of
14	אֲדָמָ֑ה	אֲדָמָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	12 פְּנֵ֣י	compound:smixut	the ground
15	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	16 שָּׁנָה֙	det	this
16	שָּׁנָה֙	שָׁנָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	18 מֵ֔ת	obl	year
17	אַתָּ֣ה	אַתָּה	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	18 מֵ֔ת	nsubj	you
18	מֵ֔ת	מוּת	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	8 מְשַֽׁלֵּֽח	parataxis	[will] die
19	כִּֽי־	כִּי	SCONJ	_	21 דִבַּ֖רְתָּ	mark	(dm)
20	סָרָ֥ה	סָרָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	21 דִבַּ֖רְתָּ	obj	rebellion
21	דִבַּ֖רְתָּ	דָבַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=2	8 מְשַֽׁלֵּֽח	advcl	you have spoken
22	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	23 יְהוָֽה	case	against
23	יְהוָֽה	יהוה	PROPN	_	21 דִבַּ֖רְתָּ	obl	Yahweh
24	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	23 יְהוָֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · assert · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
אָמַר he says	qatal · qal	יְהוָה Yahweh
מְשַֽׁלֵּֽח [am] about	participle active · piel	ְנִי I	ֲךָ to cast you out
מֵת [will] die	participle active · qal	אַתָּה you
דִבַּרְתָּ you have spoken	qatal · piel		סָרָה rebellion

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

בְּכֵן כִּדְנַן אֲמַר יְיָ הָא אֲנָא מַגְלְיָךְ מֵעַל אַפֵּי אַרְעָא בְּשַׁתָּא הָדָא אַתְּ מָאִית וּלְשַׁתָּא אוֹחֲרַנְתָּא אַתְּ מִתְקַבֵּר אֲרֵי סַטְיָא מַלֵילְתָּא קֳדָם יְיָ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

'Therefore thus saith the LORD: Behold, I will send thee away from off the face of the earth; this year thou shalt die, because thou hast spoken perversion against the LORD.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JER:686.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.28.16/