Jeremiah 3:24 יִרְמְיָהוּ

Who acts: shameful thing · What happens: devour · To what, where: labour, youth

This is Jeremiah 3:24 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — shameful thing — and what happens in the verse to labour, youth, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְהַבֹּ֗שֶׁת אָֽכְלָ֛ה אֶת־יְגִ֥יעַ אֲבוֹתֵ֖ינוּ מִנְּעוּרֵ֑ינוּ אֶת־צֹאנָם֙ וְאֶת־בְּקָרָ֔ם אֶת־בְּנֵיהֶ֖ם וְאֶת־בְּנוֹתֵיהֶֽם׃

But the shameful thing hath devoured the labour of our fathers from our youth; their flocks and their herds, their sons and their daughters.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	4 אָֽכְלָ֛ה	cc	and
2	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	3 בֹּ֗שֶׁת	det	the shameful
3	בֹּ֗שֶׁת	בֹּשֶׁת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	4 אָֽכְלָ֛ה	nsubj	thing
4	אָֽכְלָ֛ה	אָכַל	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it has consumed
5	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	6 יְגִ֥יעַ	case	(et)
6	יְגִ֥יעַ	יְגִיעַ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 אָֽכְלָ֛ה	obj	the toil
7	אֲבוֹתֵ֖י	אָב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	6 יְגִ֥יעַ	compound:smixut	our ancestors
8	נוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	7 אֲבוֹתֵ֖י	nmod:poss	our
9	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	10 נְּעוּרֵ֑י	case	since
10	נְּעוּרֵ֑י	נְעוּרִים	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 אָֽכְלָ֛ה	obl	youth(s)
11	נוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	10 נְּעוּרֵ֑י	nmod:poss	our
12	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	13 צֹאנ	case	(et)
13	צֹאנ	צֹאן	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 אָֽכְלָ֛ה	parataxis	flock[s]
14	ָם֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 צֹאנ	nmod:poss	their
15	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	17 בְּקָר	cc	and
16	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	17 בְּקָר	case	(et)
17	בְּקָר	בָּקָר	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 צֹאנ	conj	herd[s]
18	ָ֔ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 בְּקָר	nmod:poss	their
19	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	20 בְּנֵי	case	(et)
20	בְּנֵי	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	13 צֹאנ	conj	sons
21	הֶ֖ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 בְּנֵי	nmod:poss	their
22	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	24 בְּנוֹתֵי	cc	and
23	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	24 בְּנוֹתֵי	case	(et)
24	בְּנוֹתֵי	בַּת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	20 בְּנֵי	conj	daughters
25	הֶֽם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	24 בְּנוֹתֵי	nmod:poss	their
26	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	25 הֶֽם	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
אָֽכְלָה it has consumed	qatal · qal	בֹּשֶׁת thing	יְגִיעַ the toil

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וּבַהֲתַת חוֹבִין אֲסִיפַת יַת לֵיאוּת אֲבָהָתָנָא מִזְעוּרָנָא יַת עָנְהוֹן וְיַת בְּנָתֵיהוֹן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

But the shameful thing hath devoured the labour of our fathers from our youth; their flocks and their herds, their sons and their daughters.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JER:79.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.3.24/