Jeremiah 31:3 יִרְמְיָהוּ
Who acts: LORD, I · What happens: appear, love, draw · To what, where: thee
This is Jeremiah 31:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, I — and what happens in the verse to thee, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
מֵרָח֕וֹק יְהוָ֖ה נִרְאָ֣ה לִ֑י וְאַהֲבַ֤ת עוֹלָם֙ אֲהַבְתִּ֔יךְ עַל־כֵּ֖ן מְשַׁכְתִּ֥יךְ חָֽסֶד׃
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | מֵ | מִן | ADP | _ | 2 רָח֕וֹק | case | from |
| 2 | רָח֕וֹק | רָחֹוק | ADJ | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 4 נִרְאָ֣ה | obl | a distance |
| 3 | יְהוָ֖ה | יהוה | PROPN | _ | 4 נִרְאָ֣ה | nsubj | Yahweh |
| 4 | נִרְאָ֣ה | רָאָה | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=3 | root | root | he appeared |
| 5 | ל | לְ | ADP | _ | 6 ִ֑י | case | to |
| 6 | ִ֑י | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 4 נִרְאָ֣ה | obl | me |
| 7 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 10 אֲהַבְתִּ֔י | cc | and |
| 8 | אַהֲבַ֤ת | אַהֲבָה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 10 אֲהַבְתִּ֔י | obl | a love |
| 9 | עוֹלָם֙ | עוֹלָם | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 8 אַהֲבַ֤ת | compound:smixut | of perpetuity |
| 10 | אֲהַבְתִּ֔י | אָהֵב | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1 | 4 נִרְאָ֣ה | conj | I |
| 11 | ךְ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs | 10 אֲהַבְתִּ֔י | obj | have loved you |
| 12 | עַל־ | עַל | ADP | _ | 13 כֵּ֖ן | case | therefore |
| 13 | כֵּ֖ן | כֵּן | ADV | _ | 4 נִרְאָ֣ה | conj | |
| 14 | מְשַׁכְתִּ֥י | מָשַׁךְ | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1 | 4 נִרְאָ֣ה | parataxis | I |
| 15 | ךְ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs | 14 מְשַׁכְתִּ֥י | obj | have prolonged to you |
| 16 | חָֽסֶד | חֶסֶד | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 14 מְשַׁכְתִּ֥י | obl | covenant loyalty |
| 17 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 16 חָֽסֶד | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- speech
- inside a quote begun earlier
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| נִרְאָה he appeared | qatal · niphal | יְהוָה Yahweh | |||
| אֲהַבְתִּי I | qatal · qal | יְהוָה Yahweh | ךְ have loved you | ||
| מְשַׁכְתִּי I | qatal · qal | יְהוָה Yahweh | ךְ have prolonged to you |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Jonathan
אֲמַרֵית יְרוּשְׁלֵם מִלְקַדְמִין יְיָ אִתְגְלֵי עַל אֲבָהָתָנָא נְבִיָא אֲמַר לְהוֹן הָא רַחֲמַת עַלְמָא רְחֵימַת יַתְכוֹן עַל כֵּן דַבָּרִית יַתְכוֹן בְּטַבְוָן:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:JER:746.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.31.3/