Jeremiah 34:11 יִרְמְיָהוּ

Who acts: princes, handmaids, servants · What happens: turn, cause, let, go, return, bring · To what, where: servants, handmaids, princes, subjection

This is Jeremiah 34:11 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — princes, handmaids, servants — and what happens in the verse to servants, handmaids, princes, subjection, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיָּשׁ֙וּבוּ֙ אַחֲרֵי־כֵ֔ן וַיָּשִׁ֗בוּ אֶת־הָֽעֲבָדִים֙ וְאֶת־הַשְּׁפָח֔וֹת אֲשֶׁ֥ר שִׁלְּח֖וּ חָפְשִׁ֑ים וַֽיִּכְבְּשׁ֔וּם לַעֲבָדִ֖ים וְלִשְׁפָחֽוֹת׃ס

but afterwards they turned, and caused the servants and the handmaids, whom they had let go free, to return, and brought them into subjection for servants and for handmaids;

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יָּשׁ֙וּבוּ֙	cc	and
2	יָּשׁ֙וּבוּ֙	שׁוּב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they turned back
3	אַחֲרֵי־	אַחַר	ADP	_	4 כֵ֔ן	case	after
4	כֵ֔ן	כֵּן	ADV	_	2 יָּשׁ֙וּבוּ֙	obl	thus
5	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	6 יָּשִׁ֗בוּ	cc	and
6	יָּשִׁ֗בוּ	שׁוּב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יָּשׁ֙וּבוּ֙	conj	they took back
7	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	9 עֲבָדִים֙	case	(et)
8	הָֽ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	9 עֲבָדִים֙	det	the [male]
9	עֲבָדִים֙	עֶבֶד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	6 יָּשִׁ֗בוּ	obj	slaves
10	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	13 שְּׁפָח֔וֹת	cc	and
11	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	13 שְּׁפָח֔וֹת	case	(et)
12	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	13 שְּׁפָח֔וֹת	det	the female
13	שְּׁפָח֔וֹת	שִׁפְחָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	9 עֲבָדִים֙	conj	slaves
14	אֲשֶׁ֥ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	15 שִׁלְּח֖וּ	mark	whom
15	שִׁלְּח֖וּ	שָׁלַח	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur Person=3	9 עֲבָדִים֙	acl:relcl	they had let go
16	חָפְשִׁ֑ים	חׇפְשִׁי	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	15 שִׁלְּח֖וּ	xcomp	free [people]
17	וַֽ	וְ	CCONJ	_	18 יִּכְבְּשׁ֔וּ	cc	and
18	יִּכְבְּשׁ֔וּ	כָּבַשׁ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יָּשׁ֙וּבוּ֙	conj	they
19	ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 יִּכְבְּשׁ֔וּ	obj	forced them into slavery
20	לַ	לְ	ADP	_	21 עֲבָדִ֖ים	case	to [male]
21	עֲבָדִ֖ים	עֶבֶד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	18 יִּכְבְּשׁ֔וּ	obl	slaves
22	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	24 שְׁפָחֽוֹת	cc	and
23	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	24 שְׁפָחֽוֹת	case	to
24	שְׁפָחֽוֹת	שִׁפְחָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	21 עֲבָדִ֖ים	conj	female slaves
25	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	24 שְׁפָחֽוֹת	punct
26	ס	ס	PUNCT	_	24 שְׁפָחֽוֹת	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יָּשׁוּבוּ they turned back	wayyiqtol · qal
יָּשִׁבוּ they took back	wayyiqtol · hiphil	עֲבָדִים slaves + שְּׁפָחוֹת slaves
שִׁלְּחוּ they had let go	qatal · piel		עֲבָדִים slaves + שְּׁפָחוֹת slaves
יִּכְבְּשׁוּ they	wayyiqtol · qal	ם forced them into slavery

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וְתָבוּ בָּתַר כֵּן וְאָתִיבוּ יַת עַבְדִין וְיַת אַמְהָתָא דִפְטָרוּ בְּנֵי חוֹרִין וּכְבִישׁוּנוּן לְעַבְדִין וּלְאַמְהָן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

but afterwards they turned, and caused the servants and the handmaids, whom they had let go free, to return, and brought them into subjection for servants and for handmaids;

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JER:864.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.34.11/