Jeremiah 4:18 יִרְמְיָהוּ

Who acts: way, this, wickedness · What happens: procure, be, reach · To what, where: things, wickedness

This is Jeremiah 4:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — way, this, wickedness — and what happens in the verse to things, wickedness, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

דַּרְכֵּךְ֙ וּמַ֣עֲלָלַ֔יִךְ עָשׂ֥וֹ אֵ֖לֶּה לָ֑ךְ זֹ֤את רָעָתֵךְ֙ כִּ֣י מָ֔ר כִּ֥י נָגַ֖ע עַד־לִבֵּֽךְ׃ס

Thy way and thy doings have procured these things unto thee; this is thy wickedness; yea, it is bitter, yea, it reacheth unto thy heart.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	דַּרְכּ	דֶּרֶךְ	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 עָשׂ֥וֹ	nsubj	conduct
2	ֵךְ֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	1 דַּרְכּ	nmod:poss	your
3	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	4 מַ֣עֲלָלַ֔י	cc	and
4	מַ֣עֲלָלַ֔י	מַעֲלָל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	1 דַּרְכּ	conj	deeds
5	ִךְ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	4 מַ֣עֲלָלַ֔י	nmod:poss	your
6	עָשׂ֥וֹ	עָשָׂה	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	root	root	they have brought about
7	אֵ֖לֶּה	אֵלֶּה	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur PronType=Dem	6 עָשׂ֥וֹ	obj	these [things]
8	ל	לְ	ADP	_	9 ָ֑ךְ	case	to
9	ָ֑ךְ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	6 עָשׂ֥וֹ	obl	you
10	זֹ֤את	זֹאת	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing PronType=Dem	11 רָעָת	nsubj	this
11	רָעָת	רָעָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	6 עָשׂ֥וֹ	parataxis	wickedness
12	ֵךְ֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	11 רָעָת	nmod:poss	[is] your
13	כִּ֣י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	14 מָ֔ר	mark	(dm)
14	מָ֔ר	מרר	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 עָשׂ֥וֹ	advcl	[it is] bitter
15	כִּ֥י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	16 נָגַ֖ע	mark	(dm)
16	נָגַ֖ע	נָגַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	6 עָשׂ֥וֹ	advcl	it has reached
17	עַד־	עַד	ADP	_	18 לִבּ	case	to
18	לִבּ	לֵב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	16 נָגַ֖ע	obl	heart
19	ֵֽךְ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	18 לִבּ	nmod:poss	your
20	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	19 ֵֽךְ	punct
21	ס	ס	PUNCT	_	19 ֵֽךְ	punct

Pragmatics

form: command
act: request
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
עָשׂוֹ they have brought about	infinitive absolute · qal	דַּרְכּ conduct + מַעֲלָלַי deeds	אֵלֶּה these [things]
נָגַע it has reached	qatal · qal	רָעָת wickedness

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

אוֹרְחָתָךְ בִּישְׁתָא וְעוֹבָדָךְ מְקַלְקְלַיָא גְרָמוּ אִלֵין לִיךְ דָא בִישְׁתָא וּמְרָדָא אַיְתֵי עֲלָךְ יְרוּשְׁלֵם עַד דְאִתְּבַּר רְשַׁע לִבִּיךְ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Thy way and thy doings have procured these things unto thee; this is thy wickedness; yea, it is bitter, yea, it reacheth unto thy heart.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JER:98.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.4.18/