Jeremiah 4:3 יִרְמְיָהוּ

Who acts: LORD · What happens: say, break up, not sow · To what, where: fallow ground, thorns · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Jeremiah 4:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD — and what happens in the verse to fallow ground, thorns, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

כִּי־כֹ֣ה ׀ אָמַ֣ר יְהֹוָ֗ה לְאִ֤ישׁ יְהוּדָה֙ וְלִיר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם נִ֥ירוּ לָכֶ֖ם נִ֑יר וְאַֽל־תִּזְרְע֖וּ אֶל־קוֹצִֽים׃

For thus saith the LORD to the men of Judah and to Jerusalem: Break up for you a fallow ground, and sow not among thorns.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	כִּי־	כִּי	SCONJ	_	4 אָמַ֣ר	mark	(dm)
2	כֹ֣ה	כֹּה	ADV	_	4 אָמַ֣ר	advmod	thus
3	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	2 כֹ֣ה	punct
4	אָמַ֣ר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he says
5	יְהֹוָ֗ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	4 אָמַ֣ר	nsubj	Yahweh
6	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	7 אִ֤ישׁ	case	to
7	אִ֤ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 אָמַ֣ר	obl	the man
8	יְהוּדָה֙	יְהוּדָה	PROPN	_	7 אִ֤ישׁ	compound:smixut	of Judah
9	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 יר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם	cc	and
10	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	11 יר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם	case	to
11	יר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם	יְרוּשָׁלִַ͏ם	PROPN	_	7 אִ֤ישׁ	conj	Jerusalem
12	נִ֥ירוּ	נִיר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	4 אָמַ֣ר	ccomp	plow
13	ל	לְ	ADP	_	14 ָכֶ֖ם	case	for
14	ָכֶ֖ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	12 נִ֥ירוּ	obl	yourselves
15	נִ֑יר	נִיר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	12 נִ֥ירוּ	obj	unplowed ground
16	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	18 תִּזְרְע֖וּ	cc	and
17	אַֽל־	אַל	ADV	_	18 תִּזְרְע֖וּ	advmod	do not
18	תִּזְרְע֖וּ	זָרַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	12 נִ֥ירוּ	conj	sow
19	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	20 קוֹצִֽים	case	to
20	קוֹצִֽים	קוֹץ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	18 תִּזְרְע֖וּ	obl	thorns
21	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	20 קוֹצִֽים	punct

Pragmatics

form: command
act: request
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
the frame alone: decl · assert · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
אָמַר he says	qatal · qal	יְהֹוָה Yahweh
נִירוּ plow	imperative · qal	אִישׁ the man + ירוּשָׁלִַם Jerusalem	נִיר unplowed ground
not תִּזְרְעוּ sow	jussive · qal	אִישׁ the man + ירוּשָׁלִַם Jerusalem

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

אֲרֵי כִדְנַן אֲמַר יְיָ לֶאֱנַשׁ יְהוּדָה וּלְיַתְבֵי יְרוּשְׁלֵם עֱבִידוּ לְכוֹן עוֹבָדִין טָבִין וְלָא תִבְעוֹן פּוּרְקַן בְּחוֹבִין:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

For thus saith the LORD to the men of Judah and to Jerusalem: Break up for you a fallow ground, and sow not among thorns.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JER:83.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.4.3/