Jeremiah 40:16 יִרְמְיָהוּ

Who acts: Gedaliah, Thou · What happens: say, not do, speak · To what, where: thing · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Jeremiah 40:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Gedaliah, Thou — and what happens in the verse to thing, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֹּ֨אמֶר גְּדַלְיָ֤הוּ בֶן־אֲחִיקָם֙ אֶל־יוֹחָנָ֣ן בֶּן־קָרֵ֔חַ אַֽל־תַּעֲשֵׂ֖ה אֶת־הַדָּבָ֣ר הַזֶּ֑ה כִּֽי־שֶׁ֛קֶר אַתָּ֥ה דֹבֵ֖ר אֶל־יִשְׁמָעֵֽאל׃ס

But Gedaliah the son of Ahikam said unto Johanan the son of Kareah: 'Thou shalt not do this thing; for thou speakest falsely of Ishmael.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	cc	and
2	יֹּ֨אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he said
3	גְּדַלְיָ֤הוּ	גְּדַלְיָהוּ	PROPN	_	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	nsubj	Gedaliah
4	בֶן־	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	3 גְּדַלְיָ֤הוּ	appos	the son
5	אֲחִיקָם֙	אֲחִיקָם	PROPN	_	4 בֶן־	compound:smixut	of Ahikam
6	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	7 יוֹחָנָ֣ן	case	to
7	יוֹחָנָ֣ן	יוֹחָנָן	PROPN	_	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	obl	Johanan
8	בֶּן־	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	7 יוֹחָנָ֣ן	appos	the son
9	קָרֵ֔חַ	קָרֵחַ	PROPN	_	8 בֶּן־	compound:smixut	of Kareah
10	אַֽל־	אַל	ADV	_	11 תַּעֲשֵׂ֖ה	advmod	do not
11	תַּעֲשֵׂ֖ה	עָשָׂה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	ccomp	do
12	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	14 דָּבָ֣ר	case	(et)
13	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	14 דָּבָ֣ר	det	the
14	דָּבָ֣ר	דָּבָר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 תַּעֲשֵׂ֖ה	obj	thing
15	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	16 זֶּ֑ה	det	(the)
16	זֶּ֑ה	זֶה	DET	Gender=Masc Number=Sing PronType=Dem	14 דָּבָ֣ר	det	this
17	כִּֽי־	כִּי	SCONJ	_	20 דֹבֵ֖ר	mark	(dm)
18	שֶׁ֛קֶר	שֶׁקֶר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	20 דֹבֵ֖ר	obj	falsehood
19	אַתָּ֥ה	אַתָּה	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	20 דֹבֵ֖ר	nsubj	you
20	דֹבֵ֖ר	דָבַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	11 תַּעֲשֵׂ֖ה	advcl	[are] speaking
21	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	22 יִשְׁמָעֵֽאל	case	concerning
22	יִשְׁמָעֵֽאל	יִשְׁמָעֵאל	PROPN	_	20 דֹבֵ֖ר	obl	Ishmael
23	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	22 יִשְׁמָעֵֽאל	punct
24	ס	ס	PUNCT	_	22 יִשְׁמָעֵֽאל	punct

Pragmatics

form: command
act: request
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	גְּדַלְיָהוּ Gedaliah
not תַּעֲשֵׂה do	jussive · qal	יוֹחָנָן Johanan	דָּבָר thing
דֹבֵר [are] speaking	participle active · qal	אַתָּה you	שֶׁקֶר falsehood

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲמַר גְדַלְיָהוּ בַּר אֲחִיקָם לְיוֹחָנָן בַּר קָרֵחַ לָא תַעֲבֵּיד יַת פִּתְגָמָא הָדֵין אֲרֵי שִׁקְרָא אַתְּ מְמַלֵל עַל יִשְׁמָעֵאל:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

But Gedaliah the son of Ahikam said unto Johanan the son of Kareah: 'Thou shalt not do this thing; for thou speakest falsely of Ishmael.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JER:1009.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.40.16/