Jeremiah 48:39 יִרְמְיָהוּ

Who acts: ye, Moab · What happens: break down, wail, turn, become, be · To what, where: pleasure, back, derision

This is Jeremiah 48:39 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — ye, Moab — and what happens in the verse to pleasure, back, derision, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

אֵ֥יךְ חַ֙תָּה֙ הֵילִ֔ילוּ אֵ֛יךְ הִפְנָה־עֹ֥רֶף מוֹאָ֖ב בּ֑וֹשׁ וְהָיָ֥ה מוֹאָ֛ב לִשְׂחֹ֥ק וְלִמְחִתָּ֖ה לְכָל־סְבִיבָֽיו׃ס

'How is it broken down!' wail ye! 'How hath Moab turned the back with shame!' So shall Moab become a derision and a dismay to all that are round about him.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	אֵ֥יךְ	אֵיךְ	INTJ	_	2 חַ֙תָּה֙	discourse	how!
2	חַ֙תָּה֙	חָתַת	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it has been shattered
3	הֵילִ֔ילוּ	יָלַל	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=3	2 חַ֙תָּה֙	parataxis	they will wail
4	אֵ֛יךְ	אֵיךְ	INTJ	_	5 הִפְנָה־	discourse	how!
5	הִפְנָה־	פָּנָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	2 חַ֙תָּה֙	parataxis	it has turned
6	עֹ֥רֶף	עֹרֶף	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	5 הִפְנָה־	obj	a neck
7	מוֹאָ֖ב	מוֹאָב	PROPN	_	5 הִפְנָה־	nsubj	Moab
8	בּ֑וֹשׁ	בּוֹשׁ	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	5 הִפְנָה־	parataxis	it will be ashamed
9	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	13 שְׂחֹ֥ק	cc	and
10	הָיָ֥ה	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	13 שְׂחֹ֥ק	cop	it will become
11	מוֹאָ֛ב	מוֹאָב	PROPN	_	13 שְׂחֹ֥ק	nsubj	Moab
12	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	13 שְׂחֹ֥ק	case	(into) a
13	שְׂחֹ֥ק	שְׂחֹוק	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 חַ֙תָּה֙	conj	laughing-stock
14	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	16 מְחִתָּ֖ה	cc	and (into)
15	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	16 מְחִתָּ֖ה	case	a
16	מְחִתָּ֖ה	מְחִתָּה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	13 שְׂחֹ֥ק	conj	terror
17	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	18 כָל־	case	to
18	כָל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	13 שְׂחֹ֥ק	obl	all
19	סְבִיבָֽי	סָבִיב	ADV	Number=Plur	18 כָל־	compound:smixut	around
20	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 סְבִיבָֽי	nmod:poss	it
21	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	20 ו	punct
22	ס	ס	PUNCT	_	20 ו	punct

Pragmatics

form: wh-question
act: ask
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	who makes it happen (AA)
חַתָּה it has been shattered	qatal · qal
הֵילִילוּ they will wail	qatal · hiphil
הִפְנָה־ it has turned	qatal · hiphil	עֹרֶף a neck	מוֹאָב Moab
בּוֹשׁ it will be ashamed	infinitive construct · qal	מוֹאָב Moab
הָיָה it will become	weqatal · qal	מוֹאָב Moab

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

אֵיכְדֵין אִתְּבָרוּ אַיְלִילוּ אֵיכְדֵין אַחְזָרוּ קְדִלְהוֹן מוֹאֲבָאֵי בְּהִיתוּ וִיהוֹן מוֹאֲבָאֵי לְחוֹךְ וְלִתְבִיר לְכָל סָחֳרָנֵיהוֹן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

'How is it broken down!' wail ye! 'How hath Moab turned the back with shame!' So shall Moab become a derision and a dismay to all that are round about him.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JER:1171.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.48.39/