Jeremiah 50:16 יִרְמְיָהוּ

Who acts: you, walls · What happens: cut off, handle, turn, flee, fear · To what, where: sower, Babylon, sickle, one, oppressing sword

This is Jeremiah 50:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you, walls — and what happens in the verse to sower, Babylon, sickle, one, oppressing sword, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

כִּרְת֤וּ זוֹרֵ֙עַ֙ מִבָּבֶ֔ל וְתֹפֵ֥שׂ מַגָּ֖ל בְּעֵ֣ת קָצִ֑יר מִפְּנֵי֙ חֶ֣רֶב הַיּוֹנָ֔ה אִ֤ישׁ אֶל־עַמּוֹ֙ יִפְנ֔וּ וְאִ֥ישׁ לְאַרְצ֖וֹ יָנֻֽסוּ׃ס

Cut off the sower from Babylon, and him that handleth the sickle in the time of harvest; For fear of the oppressing sword they shall turn every one to his people, and they shall flee every one to his own land.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	כִּרְת֤וּ	כָּרַת	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	root	root	cut off
2	זוֹרֵ֙עַ֙	זָרַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	1 כִּרְת֤וּ	obj	[the] sower
3	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	4 בָּבֶ֔ל	case	from
4	בָּבֶ֔ל	בָּבֶל	PROPN	_	1 כִּרְת֤וּ	obl	Babylon
5	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	6 תֹפֵ֥שׂ	cc	and
6	תֹפֵ֥שׂ	תָּפַשׂ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	1 כִּרְת֤וּ	conj	[one who] wields
7	מַגָּ֖ל	מַגָּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 תֹפֵ֥שׂ	obj	(of) a sickle
8	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	9 עֵ֣ת	case	at
9	עֵ֣ת	עֵת	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 תֹפֵ֥שׂ	obl	a time
10	קָצִ֑יר	קָצִיר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	9 עֵ֣ת	compound:smixut	of harvest
11	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	12 פְּנֵי֙	case	from
12	פְּנֵי֙	פָּנֶה	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 יִפְנ֔וּ	obl	before
13	חֶ֣רֶב	חֶרֶב	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	12 פְּנֵי֙	compound:smixut	the sword
14	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	15 יּוֹנָ֔ה	det	of
15	יּוֹנָ֔ה	יָנָה	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	13 חֶ֣רֶב	compound:smixut	the oppressor
16	אִ֤ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	20 יִפְנ֔וּ	obl	everyone
17	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	18 עַמּ	case	to
18	עַמּ	עַם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	20 יִפְנ֔וּ	obl	people
19	וֹ֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 עַמּ	nmod:poss	his own
20	יִפְנ֔וּ	פָּנָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	1 כִּרְת֤וּ	parataxis	they will turn
21	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	26 יָנֻֽסוּ	cc	and
22	אִ֥ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	26 יָנֻֽסוּ	obl	everyone
23	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	24 אַרְצ	case	to
24	אַרְצ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 יָנֻֽסוּ	obl	his own
25	֖וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	24 אַרְצ	nmod:poss	land
26	יָנֻֽסוּ	נוּס	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	1 כִּרְת֤וּ	conj	they will flee
27	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	26 יָנֻֽסוּ	punct
28	ס	ס	PUNCT	_	26 יָנֻֽסוּ	punct

Pragmatics

form: command
act: request
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	what, whom (A1)
כִּרְתוּ cut off	imperative · qal	זוֹרֵעַ [the] sower
תֹפֵשׂ [one who] wields	participle active · qal	מַגָּל (of) a sickle
יִפְנוּ they will turn	yiqtol · qal
יָנֻֽסוּ they will flee	yiqtol · qal

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

שֵׁיצוּ מַלְכָּא מִבָּבֶל וַאֲחִדוּ חַרְבָּא בְּעִדַן קְטוֹל מִן קֳדָם חֶרֶב סַנְאָה דְהִיא כַּחֲמַר מְרַוְיָא גְבַר לְעַמֵיהּ יִתְפְּנוּן וּגְבַר לְאַרְעֵיהּ יֶעְרְקוּן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Cut off the sower from Babylon, and him that handleth the sickle in the time of harvest; For fear of the oppressing sword they shall turn every one to his people, and they shall flee every one to his own land.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JER:1234.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.50.16/