Jeremiah 51:43 יִרְמְיָהוּ

Who acts: man, son · What happens: become, dwell, pass · To what, where: cities

This is Jeremiah 51:43 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — man, son — and what happens in the verse to cities, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

הָי֤וּ עָרֶ֙יהָ֙ לְשַׁמָּ֔ה אֶ֖רֶץ צִיָּ֣ה וַעֲרָבָ֑ה אֶ֗רֶץ לֹֽא־יֵשֵׁ֤ב בָּהֵן֙ כָּל־אִ֔ישׁ וְלֹֽא־יַעֲבֹ֥ר בָּהֵ֖ן בֶּן־אָדָֽם׃

Her cities are become a desolation, a dry land, and a desert, a land wherein no man dwelleth, neither doth any son of man pass thereby.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	הָי֤וּ	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	5 שַׁמָּ֔ה	cop	they will become
2	עָרֶ֙י	עִיר	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	5 שַׁמָּ֔ה	nsubj	cities
3	הָ֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 עָרֶ֙י	nmod:poss	its
4	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	5 שַׁמָּ֔ה	case	(into) a
5	שַׁמָּ֔ה	שַׁמָּה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	root	root	waste
6	אֶ֖רֶץ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 שַׁמָּ֔ה	appos	a land
7	צִיָּ֣ה	צִיָּה	ADJ	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	6 אֶ֖רֶץ	amod	of dryness
8	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	9 עֲרָבָ֑ה	cc	and
9	עֲרָבָ֑ה	עֲרָבָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	6 אֶ֖רֶץ	conj	a desert plain
10	אֶ֗רֶץ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 שַׁמָּ֔ה	appos	a land
11	לֹֽא־	לֹא	ADV	_	12 יֵשֵׁ֤ב	advmod	[where] not
12	יֵשֵׁ֤ב	יָשַׁב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	10 אֶ֗רֶץ	acl	he will dwell
13	בּ	בְּ	ADP	_	14 ָהֵן֙	case	in
14	ָהֵן֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 יֵשֵׁ֤ב	obl	them
15	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	12 יֵשֵׁ֤ב	nsubj	any
16	אִ֔ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	15 כָּל־	compound:smixut	person
17	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	19 יַעֲבֹ֥ר	cc	and
18	לֹֽא־	לֹא	ADV	_	19 יַעֲבֹ֥ר	advmod	not
19	יַעֲבֹ֥ר	עָבַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	12 יֵשֵׁ֤ב	conj	he will pass
20	בּ	בְּ	ADP	_	21 ָהֵ֖ן	case	in
21	ָהֵ֖ן	הֵן	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 יַעֲבֹ֥ר	obl	them
22	בֶּן־	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	19 יַעֲבֹ֥ר	nsubj	a child
23	אָדָֽם	אָדָם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	22 בֶּן־	compound:smixut	of humankind
24	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	23 אָדָֽם	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
הָיוּ they will become	qatal · qal	עָרֶי cities
not יֵשֵׁב he will dwell	yiqtol · qal	אִישׁ person
not יַעֲבֹר he will pass	yiqtol · qal	בֶּן־ a child

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

הֲוָאָה קִרְוָאָה לְצָדוּ אַרְעָא צַדְיָא וְחָרְבָא אַרְעָא לָא יָתֵיב בָּהּ כָּל אֱנַשׁ וְלָא יֶעְבַר בָּהּ בַּר אֱנַשׁ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Her cities are become a desolation, a dry land, and a desert, a land wherein no man dwelleth, neither doth any son of man pass thereby.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JER:1307.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.51.43/