Jeremiah 8:17 יִרְמְיָהוּ
Who acts: I, serpents, LORD · What happens: send, not charm, bite, say · To what, where: serpents, you · Speech: someone speaks in this verse
This is Jeremiah 8:17 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, serpents, LORD — and what happens in the verse to serpents, you, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
כִּי֩ הִנְנִ֨י מְשַׁלֵּ֜חַ בָּכֶ֗ם נְחָשִׁים֙ צִפְעֹנִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֵין־לָהֶ֖ם לָ֑חַשׁ וְנִשְּׁכ֥וּ אֶתְכֶ֖ם נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃ס
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | כִּי֩ | כִּי | SCONJ | _ | 4 מְשַׁלֵּ֜חַ | mark | (dm) |
| 2 | הִנ | הִנֵּה | INTJ | _ | 4 מְשַׁלֵּ֜חַ | nsubj | here |
| 3 | ְנִ֨י | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 2 הִנ | nsubj | I |
| 4 | מְשַׁלֵּ֜חַ | שָׁלַח | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing | root | root | [am] about to send |
| 5 | בּ | בְּ | ADP | _ | 6 ָכֶ֗ם | case | among |
| 6 | ָכֶ֗ם | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs | 4 מְשַׁלֵּ֜חַ | obl | you |
| 7 | נְחָשִׁים֙ | נָחָשׁ | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 4 מְשַׁלֵּ֜חַ | obj | snakes |
| 8 | צִפְעֹנִ֔ים | צִפְעֹנִי | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 7 נְחָשִׁים֙ | appos | vipers |
| 9 | אֲשֶׁ֥ר | אֲשֶׁר | SCONJ | _ | 10 אֵין־ | mark | which |
| 10 | אֵין־ | אַיִן | ADV | _ | 8 צִפְעֹנִ֔ים | acl:relcl | there [is] not |
| 11 | ל | לְ | ADP | _ | 12 ָהֶ֖ם | case | for |
| 12 | ָהֶ֖ם | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 אֵין־ | obl | them |
| 13 | לָ֑חַשׁ | לַחַשׁ | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 10 אֵין־ | nsubj | charming |
| 14 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 15 נִשְּׁכ֥וּ | cc | and |
| 15 | נִשְּׁכ֥וּ | נָשַׁךְ | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur Person=3 | 4 מְשַׁלֵּ֜חַ | conj | they will bite |
| 16 | אֶת | אֵת | ADP | _ | 17 ְכֶ֖ם | case | |
| 17 | ְכֶ֖ם | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs | 15 נִשְּׁכ֥וּ | obj | you |
| 18 | נְאֻם־ | נְאֻם | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 4 מְשַׁלֵּ֜חַ | parataxis | the utterance |
| 19 | יְהוָֽה | יהוה | PROPN | _ | 18 נְאֻם־ | compound:smixut | of Yahweh |
| 20 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 19 יְהוָֽה | punct | |
| 21 | ס | ס | PUNCT | _ | 19 יְהוָֽה | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- speech
- speech with no frame
- negation
- yes
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| מְשַׁלֵּחַ [am] about to send | participle active · piel | ְנִי I | נְחָשִׁים snakes | ||
| נִשְּׁכוּ they will bite | weqatal · piel | נְחָשִׁים snakes | ְכֶם you |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Jonathan
אֲרֵי הָא אֲנָא מְגָרֵי בְּכוֹן עַמְמִין קְטוֹלִין כְּחֵיוִין חוּרְמָנִין דְלֵית לְהוֹן לַחְשָׁא וְיִקְטְלוּן יַתְכוֹן אֲמַר יְיָ:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:JER:223.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.8.17/