Jeremiah 9:3 יִרְמְיָהוּ

Who acts: ye, brother, neighbour · What happens: take, not trust, act, go about · To what, where: heed

This is Jeremiah 9:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — ye, brother, neighbour — and what happens in the verse to heed, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

אִ֤ישׁ מֵרֵעֵ֙הוּ֙ הִשָּׁמֵ֔רוּ וְעַל־כָּל־אָ֖ח אַל־תִּבְטָ֑חוּ כִּ֤י כָל־אָח֙ עָק֣וֹב יַעְקֹ֔ב וְכָל־רֵ֖עַ רָכִ֥יל יַהֲלֹֽךְ׃

Take ye heed every one of his neighbour, and trust ye not in any brother; for every brother acteth subtly, and every neighbour goeth about with slanders.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	אִ֤ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	5 הִשָּׁמֵ֔רוּ	obl	each
2	מֵ	מִן	ADP	_	3 רֵע	case	from
3	רֵע	רֵעַ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	5 הִשָּׁמֵ֔רוּ	obl	neighbor
4	ֵ֙הוּ֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 רֵע	nmod:poss	his
5	הִשָּׁמֵ֔רוּ	שָׁמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Plur Person=2	root	root	take heed
6	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 תִּבְטָ֑חוּ	cc	and
7	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	8 כָּל־	case	on
8	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 תִּבְטָ֑חוּ	obl	any
9	אָ֖ח	אָח	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 כָּל־	compound:smixut	brother
10	אַל־	אַל	ADV	_	11 תִּבְטָ֑חוּ	advmod	do not
11	תִּבְטָ֑חוּ	בָּטַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	5 הִשָּׁמֵ֔רוּ	conj	rely
12	כִּ֤י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	16 יַעְקֹ֔ב	mark	(dm)
13	כָל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	16 יַעְקֹ֔ב	nsubj	every
14	אָח֙	אָח	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	13 כָל־	compound:smixut	brother
15	עָק֣וֹב	עָקַב	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	16 יַעְקֹ֔ב	obl:npmod	persistently (betray)
16	יַעְקֹ֔ב	עָקַב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	5 הִשָּׁמֵ֔רוּ	advcl	he betrays
17	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	21 יַהֲלֹֽךְ	cc	and
18	כָל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	21 יַהֲלֹֽךְ	nsubj	every
19	רֵ֖עַ	רֵעַ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	18 כָל־	compound:smixut	neighbor
20	רָכִ֥יל	רָכִיל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	21 יַהֲלֹֽךְ	obl	slander
21	יַהֲלֹֽךְ	הָלַךְ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	5 הִשָּׁמֵ֔רוּ	conj	he goes about
22	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	21 יַהֲלֹֽךְ	punct

Pragmatics

form: command
act: request
voice: character
speech: speech with no frame
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
הִשָּׁמֵרוּ take heed	imperative · niphal
not תִּבְטָחוּ rely	jussive · qal
יַעְקֹב he betrays	yiqtol · qal	אָח brother
יַהֲלֹֽךְ he goes about	yiqtol · qal	רֵעַ neighbor

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

גְבַר מֵחַבְרֵיהּ אִסְתַּמְרוּ וְעַל כָּל אֲחָא לָא תִתְרַחֲצוּן אֲרֵי כָל אֲחָא מִכְמַן כָמֵן וְכָל רָחִים בִּנְכִילוּ מְהַלֵךְ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Take ye heed every one of his neighbour, and trust ye not in any brother; for every brother acteth subtly, and every neighbour goeth about with slanders.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JER:232.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.9.3/