Jeremiah 9:2 יִרְמְיָהוּ

Who acts: people, LORD · What happens: bend, grow, proceed, not know, say · To what, where: tongue, people, land, evil, Me · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Jeremiah 9:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — people, LORD — and what happens in the verse to tongue, people, land, evil, Me, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַֽיַּדְרְכ֤וּ אֶת־לְשׁוֹנָם֙ קַשְׁתָּ֣ם שֶׁ֔קֶר וְלֹ֥א לֶאֱמוּנָ֖ה גָּבְר֣וּ בָאָ֑רֶץ כִּי֩ מֵרָעָ֨ה אֶל־רָעָ֧ה ׀ יָצָ֛אוּ וְאֹתִ֥י לֹֽא־יָדָ֖עוּ נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃ס

And they bend their tongue, their bow of falsehood; and they are grown mighty in the land, but not for truth; for they proceed from evil to evil, and Me they know not, saith the LORD.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַֽ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יַּדְרְכ֤וּ	cc	and
2	יַּדְרְכ֤וּ	דָּרַךְ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they have bent
3	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	4 לְשׁוֹנ	case	(et)
4	לְשׁוֹנ	לָשׁוֹן	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 יַּדְרְכ֤וּ	obj	tongue
5	ָם֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 לְשׁוֹנ	nmod:poss	their
6	קַשְׁתּ	קֶשֶׁת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	8 שֶׁ֔קֶר	nsubj	bow
7	ָ֣ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 קַשְׁתּ	nmod:poss	their
8	שֶׁ֔קֶר	שֶׁקֶר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יַּדְרְכ֤וּ	parataxis	of falsehood
9	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	13 גָּבְר֣וּ	cc	and
10	לֹ֥א	לֹא	ADV	_	13 גָּבְר֣וּ	advmod	not
11	לֶ	לְ	ADP	_	12 אֱמוּנָ֖ה	case	to
12	אֱמוּנָ֖ה	אֱמוּנָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	13 גָּבְר֣וּ	obl	faithfulness
13	גָּבְר֣וּ	גָּבַר	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יַּדְרְכ֤וּ	conj	they are strong
14	בָ	בְּ	ADP	_	16 אָ֑רֶץ	case	in
15	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	16 אָ֑רֶץ	det	the
16	אָ֑רֶץ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 גָּבְר֣וּ	obl	land
17	כִּי֩	כִּי	SCONJ	_	23 יָצָ֛אוּ	mark	(dm)
18	מֵ	מִן	ADP	_	19 רָעָ֨ה	case	from
19	רָעָ֨ה	רָעָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	23 יָצָ֛אוּ	obl	evil
20	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	21 רָעָ֧ה	case	to
21	רָעָ֧ה	רָעָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	19 רָעָ֨ה	conj	evil
22	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	21 רָעָ֧ה	punct
23	יָצָ֛אוּ	יָצָא	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יַּדְרְכ֤וּ	advcl	they have gone out
24	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	28 יָדָ֖עוּ	cc	and
25	אֹת	אֵת	ADP	_	26 ִ֥י	case
26	ִ֥י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	28 יָדָ֖עוּ	obj	me
27	לֹֽא־	לֹא	ADV	_	28 יָדָ֖עוּ	advmod	not
28	יָדָ֖עוּ	יָדַע	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יַּדְרְכ֤וּ	conj	they know
29	נְאֻם־	נְאֻם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יַּדְרְכ֤וּ	parataxis	the utterance
30	יְהוָֽה	יהוה	PROPN	_	29 נְאֻם־	compound:smixut	of Yahweh
31	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	30 יְהוָֽה	punct
32	ס	ס	PUNCT	_	30 יְהוָֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יַּדְרְכוּ they have bent	wayyiqtol · hiphil	לְשׁוֹנ tongue
not גָּבְרוּ they are strong	qatal · qal
יָצָאוּ they have gone out	qatal · qal
not יָדָעוּ they know	qatal · qal		ִי me

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וְאַלִיפוּ יַת לִישַׁנְהוֹן פִתְגָמֵי שְׁקַר דָמַן אִינוּן כְּקַשְׁתָּא נְכִילָא וְלָא לְהֵימָנוּתָא תַּקִיפוּ בְאַרְעָא אֲרֵי מִבִּישְׁתָּא לְבִישְׁתָּא נְפָקוּ וּמֵידַע דְחַלְתִּי לָא אֲלִיפוּ אֲמַר יְיָ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And they bend their tongue, their bow of falsehood; and they are grown mighty in the land, but not for truth; for they proceed from evil to evil, and Me they know not, saith the LORD.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JER:231.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.9.2/