Joel 1:2 יוֹאֵל

Who acts: you, this · What happens: hear, give, be · To what, where: this, ear

This is Joel 1:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you, this — and what happens in the verse to this, ear, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 4 chapters of Joel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

שִׁמְעוּ־זֹאת֙ הַזְּקֵנִ֔ים וְהַֽאֲזִ֔ינוּ כֹּ֖ל יוֹשְׁבֵ֣י הָאָ֑רֶץ הֶהָ֤יְתָה זֹּאת֙ בִּֽימֵיכֶ֔ם וְאִ֖ם בִּימֵ֥י אֲבֹֽתֵיכֶֽם׃

Hear this, ye old men, and give ear, all ye inhabitants of the land. Hath this been in your days, or in the days of your fathers?

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	שִׁמְעוּ־	שָׁמַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	root	root	hear
2	זֹאת֙	זֹאת	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing PronType=Dem	1 שִׁמְעוּ־	obj	this
3	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	4 זְּקֵנִ֔ים	det	O
4	זְּקֵנִ֔ים	זָקֵן	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	1 שִׁמְעוּ־	parataxis	elders
5	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	6 הַֽאֲזִ֔ינוּ	cc	and
6	הַֽאֲזִ֔ינוּ	אָזַן	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=2	1 שִׁמְעוּ־	conj	give ear
7	כֹּ֖ל	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 הַֽאֲזִ֔ינוּ	parataxis	O all
8	יוֹשְׁבֵ֣י	יָשַׁב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	7 כֹּ֖ל	compound:smixut	the inhabitants
9	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	10 אָ֑רֶץ	det	of
10	אָ֑רֶץ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 יוֹשְׁבֵ֣י	compound:smixut	the land
11	הֶ	הַ	PART	_	15 ימֵי	advmod	has
12	הָ֤יְתָה	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	15 ימֵי	cop	it happened?
13	זֹּאת֙	זֹאת	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing PronType=Dem	15 ימֵי	nsubj	this
14	בִּֽ	בְּ	ADP	_	15 ימֵי	case	in
15	ימֵי	יוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	1 שִׁמְעוּ־	parataxis	days
16	כֶ֔ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	15 ימֵי	nmod:poss	your
17	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	20 ימֵ֥י	cc	and
18	אִ֖ם	אִם	SCONJ	_	20 ימֵ֥י	mark	or?
19	בִּ	בְּ	ADP	_	20 ימֵ֥י	case	in
20	ימֵ֥י	יוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	15 ימֵי	conj	the days
21	אֲבֹֽתֵי	אָב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	20 ימֵ֥י	compound:smixut	your ancestors
22	כֶֽם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	21 אֲבֹֽתֵי	nmod:poss	your
23	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	22 כֶֽם	punct

Pragmatics

form: command
act: request
voice: character
speech: speech with no frame
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
שִׁמְעוּ־ hear	imperative · qal	זְּקֵנִים elders	זֹאת this
הַֽאֲזִינוּ give ear	imperative · hiphil	יוֹשְׁבֵי the inhabitants
הָיְתָה it happened?	qatal · qal	זֹּאת this

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

שְׁמַעוּ דָא סְבַיָא וְאַצִיתוּ כֹּל יָתְבֵי אַרְעָא הֶהֶוָת דָא בְּיוֹמֵיכוֹן וְאִם בְּיוֹמֵי אֲבָהַתְכוֹן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JOL:1.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOL.1.2/