Joel 1:2 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2
Hear this, ye old men, and give ear, all ye inhabitants of the land.
Who acts: you · What happens: hear, give · To what, where: this, ear
This is Joel 1:2 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Hear | hear | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 1 Hear | obj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 men | punct |
| 4 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 1 Hear | vocative |
| 5 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 men | amod |
| 6 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 ye | appos |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 give | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 give | cc |
| 9 | give | give | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 1 Hear | conj |
| 10 | ear | ear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 give | obj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 inhabitants | punct |
| 12 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 14 inhabitants | det:predet |
| 13 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 14 inhabitants | det |
| 14 | inhabitants | inhabitant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 men | appos |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 land | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 land | det |
| 17 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 inhabitants | nmod |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Hear | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- command
- act
- request
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed voice=character
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hear | imperative | you not said here | this | ye vocative | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer this=Stimulus | |||
| 2 | give | infinitive | you not said here | ear | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ear=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
שִׁמְעוּ־זֹאת֙ הַזְּקֵנִ֔ים וְהַֽאֲזִ֔ינוּ כֹּ֖ל יוֹשְׁבֵ֣י הָאָ֑רֶץ הֶהָ֤יְתָה זֹּאת֙ בִּֽימֵיכֶ֔ם וְאִ֖ם בִּימֵ֥י אֲבֹֽתֵיכֶֽם׃
Joel 1:2: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
This verse in JPS 1917:
- Hear this, ye old men, and give ear, all ye inhabitants of the land.
- Hath this been in your days, or in the days of your fathers?
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:JOL:1 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOL.1/