Joel 4:3 יוֹאֵל

Who acts: nations · What happens: cast, give, sell, drink · To what, where: lots, boy, girl

This is Joel 4:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — nations — and what happens in the verse to lots, boy, girl, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 4 chapters of Joel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְאֶל־עַמִּ֖י יַדּ֣וּ גוֹרָ֑ל וַיִּתְּנ֤וּ הַיֶּ֙לֶד֙ בַּזּוֹנָ֔ה וְהַיַּלְדָּ֛ה מָכְר֥וּ בַיַּ֖יִן וַיִּשְׁתּֽוּ׃

And they have cast lots for My people; and have given a boy for an harlot, and sold a girl for wine, and have drunk.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	5 יַדּ֣וּ	cc	and
2	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	3 עַמּ	case	to
3	עַמּ	עַם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	5 יַדּ֣וּ	obl	people
4	ִ֖י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	3 עַמּ	nmod:poss	my
5	יַדּ֣וּ	יָדַד	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they have cast
6	גוֹרָ֑ל	גּוֹרָל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	5 יַדּ֣וּ	obj	a lot
7	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	8 יִּתְּנ֤וּ	cc	and
8	יִּתְּנ֤וּ	נָתַן	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	5 יַדּ֣וּ	conj	they have exchanged
9	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	10 יֶּ֙לֶד֙	det	the
10	יֶּ֙לֶד֙	יֶלֶד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 יִּתְּנ֤וּ	obj	boy
11	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	13 זּוֹנָ֔ה	case	for
12	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	13 זּוֹנָ֔ה	det	the
13	זּוֹנָ֔ה	זָנָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	8 יִּתְּנ֤וּ	obl	prostitute
14	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	17 מָכְר֥וּ	cc	and
15	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	16 יַּלְדָּ֛ה	det	the
16	יַּלְדָּ֛ה	יַלְדָּה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	17 מָכְר֥וּ	obj	girl
17	מָכְר֥וּ	מָכַר	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	5 יַדּ֣וּ	conj	they have sold
18	בַ	בְּ	ADP	_	20 יַּ֖יִן	case	for
19	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	20 יַּ֖יִן	det	(the)
20	יַּ֖יִן	יַיִן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	17 מָכְר֥וּ	obl	wine
21	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	22 יִּשְׁתּֽוּ	cc	and
22	יִּשְׁתּֽוּ	שָׁתָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	17 מָכְר֥וּ	conj	they have drunk
23	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	22 יִּשְׁתּֽוּ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	what, whom (A1)
יַדּוּ they have cast	qatal · qal	גוֹרָל a lot
יִּתְּנוּ they have exchanged	wayyiqtol · qal	יֶּלֶד boy
מָכְרוּ they have sold	qatal · qal	יַּלְדָּה girl
יִּשְׁתּֽוּ they have drunk	wayyiqtol · qal

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וּבְעַמִי רְמוֹ עַדְבִין וִיהָבוּ עוּלֵימָא בַּאֲגַר זַנְיְתָא וְעוּלֵימְתָּא זַבִּינוּ בְחַמְרָא וְאִשְׁתִּיאוּ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And they have cast lots for My people; and have given a boy for an harlot, and sold a girl for wine, and have drunk.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JOL:54.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOL.4.3/