Jonah 1:10 יוֹנָה

Who acts: men, thou, man · What happens: be, say, do, know, flee, tell · To what, where: this, presence, lots · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Jonah 1:10 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — men, thou, man — and what happens in the verse to this, presence, lots, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 4 chapters of Jonah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיִּֽירְא֤וּ הָֽאֲנָשִׁים֙ יִרְאָ֣ה גְדוֹלָ֔ה וַיֹּאמְר֥וּ אֵלָ֖יו מַה־זֹּ֣את עָשִׂ֑יתָ כִּֽי־יָדְע֣וּ הָאֲנָשִׁ֗ים כִּֽי־מִלִּפְנֵ֤י יְהוָה֙ ה֣וּא בֹרֵ֔חַ כִּ֥י הִגִּ֖יד לָהֶֽם׃

Then were the men exceedingly afraid, and said unto him: 'What is this that thou hast done?' For the men knew that he fled from the presence of the LORD, because he had told them.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יִּֽירְא֤וּ	cc	and
2	יִּֽירְא֤וּ	יָרֵא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they feared
3	הָֽ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	4 אֲנָשִׁים֙	det	the
4	אֲנָשִׁים֙	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 יִּֽירְא֤וּ	nsubj	men
5	יִרְאָ֣ה	יִרְאָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	2 יִּֽירְא֤וּ	obl	a fear
6	גְדוֹלָ֔ה	גָּדוֹל	ADJ	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	5 יִרְאָ֣ה	amod	great
7	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	8 יֹּאמְר֥וּ	cc	and
8	יֹּאמְר֥וּ	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יִּֽירְא֤וּ	conj	they said
9	אֵלָ֖י	אֶל	ADP	_	10 ו	case	to
10	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 יֹּאמְר֥וּ	obl	him
11	מַה־	מָה	PRON	PronType=Int	8 יֹּאמְר֥וּ	ccomp	what?
12	זֹּ֣את	זֹאת	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing PronType=Dem	11 מַה־	nsubj	this
13	עָשִׂ֑יתָ	עָשָׂה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	12 זֹּ֣את	acl	have you done
14	כִּֽי־	כִּי	SCONJ	_	15 יָדְע֣וּ	mark	(dm)
15	יָדְע֣וּ	יָדַע	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	11 מַה־	advcl	they knew
16	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	17 אֲנָשִׁ֗ים	det	the
17	אֲנָשִׁ֗ים	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	15 יָדְע֣וּ	nsubj	men
18	כִּֽי־	כִּי	SCONJ	_	24 בֹרֵ֔חַ	mark	(dm) that
19	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	21 פְנֵ֤י	case	from
20	לִּ	לְ	ADP	_	21 פְנֵ֤י	case
21	פְנֵ֤י	פָּנֶה	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 בֹרֵ֔חַ	obl	before
22	יְהוָה֙	יהוה	PROPN	_	21 פְנֵ֤י	compound:smixut	Yahweh
23	ה֣וּא	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	24 בֹרֵ֔חַ	nsubj	he
24	בֹרֵ֔חַ	בָּרַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	15 יָדְע֣וּ	ccomp	[was] fleeing
25	כִּ֥י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	26 הִגִּ֖יד	mark	(dm)
26	הִגִּ֖יד	נָגַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	11 מַה־	advcl	he had told
27	ל	לְ	ADP	_	28 ָהֶֽם	case	to
28	ָהֶֽם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	26 הִגִּ֖יד	obl	them
29	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	28 ָהֶֽם	punct

Pragmatics

form: wh-question
act: ask
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יִּֽירְאוּ they feared	wayyiqtol · qal	אֲנָשִׁים men
יֹּאמְרוּ they said	wayyiqtol · qal	אֲנָשִׁים men
עָשִׂיתָ have you done	qatal · qal		זֹּאת this
יָדְעוּ they knew	qatal · qal	אֲנָשִׁים men	בֹרֵחַ [was] fleeing
בֹרֵחַ [was] fleeing	participle active · qal	הוּא he
הִגִּיד he had told	qatal · hiphil

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וּדְחִילוּ גַבְרַיָא דְחִילָא רַבָּא וַאֲמָרוּ לֵיהּ מַה דָא עַבַדְתָּא אֲרֵי יְדָעוּ גוּבְרַיָא אֲרֵי מִן קֳדָם יְיָ הוּא עָרֵיק אֲרֵי חַוֵי לְהוֹן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Then were the men exceedingly afraid, and said unto him: 'What is this that thou hast done?' For the men knew that he fled from the presence of the LORD, because he had told them.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JON:9.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JON.1.10/