Jonah 1:9 יוֹנָה

Who acts: Jonah, I, LORD · What happens: say, be, fear, make · To what, where: Hebrew, LORD, sea · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Jonah 1:9 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Jonah, I, LORD — and what happens in the verse to Hebrew, LORD, sea, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 4 chapters of Jonah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֹּ֥אמֶר אֲלֵיהֶ֖ם עִבְרִ֣י אָנֹ֑כִי וְאֶת־יְהוָ֞ה אֱלֹהֵ֤י הַשָּׁמַ֙יִם֙ אֲנִ֣י יָרֵ֔א אֲשֶׁר־עָשָׂ֥ה אֶת־הַיָּ֖ם וְאֶת־הַיַּבָּשָֽׁה׃

And he said unto them: 'I am an Hebrew; and I fear the LORD, the God of heaven, who hath made the sea and the dry land.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֹּ֥אמֶר	cc	and
2	יֹּ֥אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he said
3	אֲלֵי	אֶל	ADP	_	4 הֶ֖ם	case	to
4	הֶ֖ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 יֹּ֥אמֶר	obl	them
5	עִבְרִ֣י	עִבְרִי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יֹּ֥אמֶר	ccomp	[am] a Hebrew
6	אָנֹ֑כִי	אָנֹכִי	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	5 עִבְרִ֣י	nsubj	I
7	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	14 יָרֵ֔א	cc	and
8	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	9 יְהוָ֞ה	case	(et)
9	יְהוָ֞ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	14 יָרֵ֔א	obj	Yahweh
10	אֱלֹהֵ֤י	אֱלֹהִים	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	9 יְהוָ֞ה	appos	the God
11	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	12 שָּׁמַ֙יִם֙	det	of
12	שָּׁמַ֙יִם֙	שָׁמַיִם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	10 אֱלֹהֵ֤י	compound:smixut	the heavens
13	אֲנִ֣י	אֲנִי	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	14 יָרֵ֔א	nsubj	I
14	יָרֵ֔א	יָרֵא	ADJ	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	5 עִבְרִ֣י	conj	[am] fearing
15	אֲשֶׁר־	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	16 עָשָׂ֥ה	mark	who
16	עָשָׂ֥ה	עָשָׂה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	9 יְהוָ֞ה	acl:relcl	he made
17	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	19 יָּ֖ם	case	(et)
18	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	19 יָּ֖ם	det	the
19	יָּ֖ם	יָם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	16 עָשָׂ֥ה	obj	sea
20	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	23 יַּבָּשָֽׁה	cc	and
21	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	23 יַּבָּשָֽׁה	case	(et)
22	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	23 יַּבָּשָֽׁה	det	the dry
23	יַּבָּשָֽׁה	יַבָּשָׁה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	19 יָּ֖ם	conj	land
24	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	23 יַּבָּשָֽׁה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal
עָשָׂה he made	qatal · qal	יְהוָה Yahweh	יָּם sea + יַּבָּשָֽׁה land

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲמַר לְהוֹן יְהוּדָאָה אֲנָא וּמִן קֳדָם יְיָ אֱלָהָא דִשְׁמַיָא אֲנָא דָחֵל דַעֲבַד יַת יַמָא וְיַת יַבֶּשְׁתָּא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And he said unto them: 'I am an Hebrew; and I fear the LORD, the God of heaven, who hath made the sea and the dry land.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JON:8.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JON.1.9/