Jonah 4:11 יוֹנָה

Who acts: I, persons · What happens: not have, be, not discern · To what, where: pity, Nineveh, persons

This is Jonah 4:11 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, persons — and what happens in the verse to pity, Nineveh, persons, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 4 chapters of Jonah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַֽאֲנִי֙ לֹ֣א אָח֔וּס עַל־נִינְוֵ֖ה הָעִ֣יר הַגְּדוֹלָ֑ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר יֶשׁ־בָּ֡הּ הַרְבֵּה֩ מִֽשְׁתֵּים־עֶשְׂרֵ֨ה רִבּ֜וֹ אָדָ֗ם אֲשֶׁ֤ר לֹֽא־יָדַע֙ בֵּין־יְמִינ֣וֹ לִשְׂמֹאל֔וֹ וּבְהֵמָ֖ה רַבָּֽה׃

and should not I have pity on Nineveh, that great city, wherein are more than sixscore thousand persons that cannot discern between their right hand and their left hand, and also much cattle?'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַֽ	וְ	CCONJ	_	4 אָח֔וּס	cc	and
2	אֲנִי֙	אֲנִי	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	4 אָח֔וּס	nsubj	I
3	לֹ֣א	לֹא	ADV	_	4 אָח֔וּס	advmod	not
4	אָח֔וּס	חוּס	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	root	root	will I have compassion?
5	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	6 נִינְוֵ֖ה	case	on
6	נִינְוֵ֖ה	נִינְוֵה	PROPN	_	4 אָח֔וּס	obl	Nineveh
7	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	8 עִ֣יר	det	the
8	עִ֣יר	עִיר	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	6 נִינְוֵ֖ה	appos	city
9	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	10 גְּדוֹלָ֑ה	det	(the)
10	גְּדוֹלָ֑ה	גָּדוֹל	ADJ	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	8 עִ֣יר	amod	great
11	אֲשֶׁ֣ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	12 יֶשׁ־	mark	which
12	יֶשׁ־	יֵשׁ	ADV	_	6 נִינְוֵ֖ה	acl:relcl	there [are]
13	בּ	בְּ	ADP	_	14 ָ֡הּ	case	in
14	ָ֡הּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 יֶשׁ־	obl	it
15	הַרְבֵּה֩	רָבָה	ADV	HebBinyan=HIPHIL	12 יֶשׁ־	nsubj	many
16	מִֽ	מִן	ADP	_	20 אָדָ֗ם	case	more
17	שְׁתֵּים־	שְׁנַיִם	NUM	Gender=Fem Number=Dual	20 אָדָ֗ם	nummod	than two plus
18	עֶשְׂרֵ֨ה	עֶשְׂרֵה	NUM	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	17 שְׁתֵּים־	flat	ten
19	רִבּ֜וֹ	רִבֹּוא	NUM	Number=Sing	17 שְׁתֵּים־	flat	ten thousand
20	אָדָ֗ם	אָדָם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	15 הַרְבֵּה֩	nmod	person[s]
21	אֲשֶׁ֤ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	23 יָדַע֙	mark	who
22	לֹֽא־	לֹא	ADV	_	23 יָדַע֙	advmod	not
23	יָדַע֙	יָדַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	20 אָדָ֗ם	acl:relcl	he distinguishes
24	בֵּין־	בֵּין	ADP	_	25 יְמִינ	case	between
25	יְמִינ	יָמִין	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	23 יָדַע֙	obl	hand
26	֣וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	25 יְמִינ	nmod:poss	his right
27	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	28 שְׂמֹאל	case	and
28	שְׂמֹאל	שְׂמֹאל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	25 יְמִינ	conj	left
29	֔וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	28 שְׂמֹאל	nmod:poss	his
30	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	31 בְהֵמָ֖ה	cc	and
31	בְהֵמָ֖ה	בְּהֵמָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	15 הַרְבֵּה֩	conj	livestock
32	רַבָּֽה	רַב	ADJ	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	31 בְהֵמָ֖ה	amod	much
33	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	32 רַבָּֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: promise
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
not אָחוּס will I have compassion?	yiqtol · qal	אֲנִי I
not יָדַע he distinguishes	qatal · qal	אָדָם person[s]

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲנָא לָא אָחוּס עַל נִינְוֵה קַרְתָּא רַבְּתָא דְאִית בָּהּ סַגִי מִתַּרְתָּא עַסְרֵי רִבְּוָן אֱנָשָׁא דְלָא יְדַע בֵּין יְמִינֵיהּ לִסְמָלֵיהּ וּבְעִירָא סַגִי:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

and should not I have pity on Nineveh, that great city, wherein are more than sixscore thousand persons that cannot discern between their right hand and their left hand, and also much cattle?'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JON:47.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JON.4.11/