Joshua 10:26 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ

Who acts: Joshua, people · What happens: smite, put, hang · To what, where: people, five trees, trees

This is Joshua 10:26 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Joshua, people — and what happens in the verse to people, five trees, trees, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיַּכֵּ֨ם יְהוֹשֻׁ֤עַ אַֽחֲרֵי־כֵן֙ וַיְמִיתֵ֔ם וַיִּתְלֵ֕ם עַ֖ל חֲמִשָּׁ֣ה עֵצִ֑ים וַיִּֽהְי֛וּ תְּלוּיִ֥ם עַל־הָעֵצִ֖ים עַד־הָעָֽרֶב׃

And afterward Joshua smote them, and put them to death, and hanged them on five trees; and they were hanging upon the trees until the evening.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יַּכּ	cc	and
2	יַּכּ	נָכָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he
3	ֵ֨ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 יַּכּ	obj	struck them down
4	יְהוֹשֻׁ֤עַ	יְהֹושֻׁעַ	PROPN	_	2 יַּכּ	nsubj	Joshua
5	אַֽחֲרֵי־	אַחַר	ADP	_	6 כֵן֙	case	after
6	כֵן֙	כֵּן	ADV	_	2 יַּכּ	obl	thus
7	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	8 יְמִית	cc	and
8	יְמִית	מוּת	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יַּכּ	conj	he
9	ֵ֔ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 יְמִית	obj	killed them
10	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 יִּתְל	cc	and
11	יִּתְל	תָּלָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יַּכּ	conj	he
12	ֵ֕ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 יִּתְל	obj	hanged them
13	עַ֖ל	עַל	ADP	_	15 עֵצִ֑ים	case	on
14	חֲמִשָּׁ֣ה	חָמֵשׁ	NUM	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	15 עֵצִ֑ים	nummod	five
15	עֵצִ֑ים	עֵץ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	11 יִּתְל	obl	trees
16	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	18 תְּלוּיִ֥ם	cc	and
17	יִּֽהְי֛וּ	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	18 תְּלוּיִ֥ם	cop	they were
18	תְּלוּיִ֥ם	תָּלָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	2 יַּכּ	conj	hanged
19	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	21 עֵצִ֖ים	case	on
20	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	21 עֵצִ֖ים	det	the
21	עֵצִ֖ים	עֵץ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	18 תְּלוּיִ֥ם	obl	trees
22	עַד־	עַד	ADP	_	24 עָֽרֶב	case	until
23	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	24 עָֽרֶב	det	the
24	עָֽרֶב	עֶרֶב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	18 תְּלוּיִ֥ם	obl	evening
25	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	24 עָֽרֶב	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
יַּכּ he	wayyiqtol · hiphil	ֵם struck them down		יְהוֹשֻׁעַ Joshua
יְמִית he	wayyiqtol · hiphil	ֵם killed them		יְהוֹשֻׁעַ Joshua
יִּתְל he	wayyiqtol · qal	יְהוֹשֻׁעַ Joshua	ֵם hanged them
יִּֽהְיוּ they were	wayyiqtol · qal
תְּלוּיִם hanged	participle passive · qal

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וּמְחָנוּן יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בָּתַר כֵּן וְקַטְלִינוּן וְצַלְבִינוּן עַל חַמְשָׁא צְלִיבִין וַהֲווֹ צְלִיבִין עַל צְלִיבַיָא עַד רַמְשָׁא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And afterward Joshua smote them, and put them to death, and hanged them on five trees; and they were hanging upon the trees until the evening.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JOS:238.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.10.26/