Joshua 2:1 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ

Who acts: Joshua, land, name, Rahab · What happens: send, say, go, view, come, be · To what, where: two spies, Shittim, land, house, Rahab · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Joshua 2:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Joshua, land, name, Rahab — and what happens in the verse to two spies, Shittim, land, house, Rahab, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיִּשְׁלַ֣ח יְהוֹשֻׁ֣עַ־בִּן־נ֠וּן מִֽן־הַשִּׁטִּ֞ים שְׁנַֽיִם־אֲנָשִׁ֤ים מְרַגְּלִים֙ חֶ֣רֶשׁ לֵאמֹ֔ר לְכ֛וּ רְא֥וּ אֶת־הָאָ֖רֶץ וְאֶת־יְרִיח֑וֹ וַיֵּ֨לְכ֜וּ וַ֠יָּבֹאוּ בֵּית־אִשָּׁ֥ה זוֹנָ֛ה וּשְׁמָ֥הּ רָחָ֖ב וַיִּשְׁכְּבוּ־שָֽׁמָּה׃

And Joshua the son of Nun sent out of Shittim two spies secretly, saying: 'Go view the land, and Jericho.' And they went, and came into the house of a harlot whose name was Rahab, and lay there.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יִּשְׁלַ֣ח	cc	and
2	יִּשְׁלַ֣ח	שָׁלַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he sent
3	יְהוֹשֻׁ֣עַ־	יְהֹושֻׁעַ	PROPN	_	2 יִּשְׁלַ֣ח	nsubj	Joshua
4	בִּן־	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	3 יְהוֹשֻׁ֣עַ־	appos	the son
5	נ֠וּן	נוּן	PROPN	_	4 בִּן־	compound:smixut	of Nun
6	מִֽן־	מִן	ADP	_	8 שִּׁטִּ֞ים	case	from
7	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	8 שִּׁטִּ֞ים	det	(the)
8	שִּׁטִּ֞ים	שִׁטִּים	PROPN	_	2 יִּשְׁלַ֣ח	obl	Shittim
9	שְׁנַֽיִם־	שְׁנַיִם	NUM	Gender=Masc Number=Dual	10 אֲנָשִׁ֤ים	nummod	two
10	אֲנָשִׁ֤ים	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 יִּשְׁלַ֣ח	obj	men
11	מְרַגְּלִים֙	רָגַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur	10 אֲנָשִׁ֤ים	appos	spies
12	חֶ֣רֶשׁ	חֶרֶשׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יִּשְׁלַ֣ח	obl	secretly
13	לֵ	לְ	ADP	ExtPos=SCONJ	15 לְכ֛וּ	mark	(cmp)
14	אמֹ֔ר	אָמַר	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	13 לֵ	fixed
15	לְכ֛וּ	הלך	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	2 יִּשְׁלַ֣ח	advcl	go
16	רְא֥וּ	רָאָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	15 לְכ֛וּ	parataxis	see
17	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	19 אָ֖רֶץ	case	(et)
18	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	19 אָ֖רֶץ	det	the
19	אָ֖רֶץ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 רְא֥וּ	obj	land
20	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	22 יְרִיח֑וֹ	cc	and
21	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	22 יְרִיח֑וֹ	case	(et)
22	יְרִיח֑וֹ	יְרִיחֹו־יְרִחֹו	PROPN	_	19 אָ֖רֶץ	conj	Jericho
23	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	24 יֵּ֨לְכ֜וּ	cc	and
24	יֵּ֨לְכ֜וּ	הלך	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יִּשְׁלַ֣ח	conj	they went
25	וַ֠	וְ	CCONJ	_	26 יָּבֹאוּ	cc	and
26	יָּבֹאוּ	בּוֹא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יִּשְׁלַ֣ח	conj	they went
27	בֵּית־	בַּיִת	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	26 יָּבֹאוּ	obl	[the] house
28	אִשָּׁ֥ה	אִשָּׁה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	27 בֵּית־	compound:smixut	of a woman
29	זוֹנָ֛ה	זָנָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	28 אִשָּׁ֥ה	appos	a prostitute
30	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	33 רָחָ֖ב	cc	and
31	שְׁמ	שֵׁם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	33 רָחָ֖ב	nsubj	name
32	ָ֥הּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	31 שְׁמ	nmod:poss	her
33	רָחָ֖ב	רָחָב	PROPN	_	2 יִּשְׁלַ֣ח	conj	[was] Rahab
34	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	35 יִּשְׁכְּבוּ־	cc	and
35	יִּשְׁכְּבוּ־	שָׁכַב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יִּשְׁלַ֣ח	conj	they lay down
36	שָֽׁמּ	שָׁם	ADV	_	35 יִּשְׁכְּבוּ־	advmod	there
37	ָה	ה	X	_	36 שָֽׁמּ	nmod	(to)
38	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	37 ָה	punct

Pragmatics

form: command
act: request
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יִּשְׁלַח he sent	wayyiqtol · qal	יְהוֹשֻׁעַ־ Joshua	אֲנָשִׁים men
מְרַגְּלִים spies	participle active · piel	אֲנָשִׁים men
אמֹר	infinitive construct · qal	יְהוֹשֻׁעַ־ Joshua
לְכוּ go	imperative · qal	אֲנָשִׁים men
רְאוּ see	imperative · qal	אֲנָשִׁים men	אָרֶץ land + יְרִיחוֹ Jericho
יֵּלְכוּ they went	wayyiqtol · qal	אֲנָשִׁים men
יָּבֹאוּ they went	wayyiqtol · qal	אֲנָשִׁים men
יִּשְׁכְּבוּ־ they lay down	wayyiqtol · qal	אֲנָשִׁים men

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וּשְׁלַח יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בַּר נוּן מִן שִׁטִין תְּרֵין גוּבְרִין מְאַלְלִין בְּרָז לְמֵימָר אֲזִילוּ חֲזוּ יַת אַרְעָא וְיַת יְרִיחוֹ וַאֲזַלוּ וְעַלוּ לְבֵית אִתְּתָא פּוּנְדְקִיתָא וּשְׁמָה רָחָב וּשְׁכִיבוּ תַמָן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And Joshua the son of Nun sent out of Shittim two spies secretly, saying: 'Go view the land, and Jericho.' And they went, and came into the house of a harlot whose name was Rahab, and lay there.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JOS:18.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.2.1/