Joshua 2:5 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ

Who acts: house, men, I, ye · What happens: come, pass, be, go out, go, not know · To what, where: men, gate · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Joshua 2:5 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — house, men, I, ye — and what happens in the verse to men, gate, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיְהִ֨י הַשַּׁ֜עַר לִסְגּ֗וֹר בַּחֹ֙שֶׁךְ֙ וְהָאֲנָשִׁ֣ים יָצָ֔אוּ לֹ֣א יָדַ֔עְתִּי אָ֥נָה הָלְכ֖וּ הָֽאֲנָשִׁ֑ים רִדְפ֥וּ מַהֵ֛ר אַחֲרֵיהֶ֖ם כִּ֥י תַשִּׂיגֽוּם׃

and it came to pass about the time of the shutting of the gate, when it was dark, that the men went out; whither the men went I know not; pursue after them quickly; for ye shall overtake them.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יְהִ֨י	cc	and
2	יְהִ֨י	הָיָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it was
3	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	4 שַּׁ֜עַר	det	the
4	שַּׁ֜עַר	שַׁעַר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 סְגּ֗וֹר	nsubj	gate
5	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	6 סְגּ֗וֹר	case	[was
6	סְגּ֗וֹר	סָגַר	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	2 יְהִ֨י	parataxis	about] to shut
7	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	9 חֹ֙שֶׁךְ֙	case	at
8	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	9 חֹ֙שֶׁךְ֙	det	(the)
9	חֹ֙שֶׁךְ֙	חֹשֶׁךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 סְגּ֗וֹר	obl	darkness
10	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	13 יָצָ֔אוּ	cc	and
11	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	12 אֲנָשִׁ֣ים	det	the
12	אֲנָשִׁ֣ים	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	13 יָצָ֔אוּ	nsubj	men
13	יָצָ֔אוּ	יָצָא	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יְהִ֨י	conj	they went out
14	לֹ֣א	לֹא	ADV	_	15 יָדַ֔עְתִּי	advmod	not
15	יָדַ֔עְתִּי	יָדַע	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	2 יְהִ֨י	parataxis	I know
16	אָ֥נָה	אָן	PRON	PronType=Prs	17 הָלְכ֖וּ	advmod	where?
17	הָלְכ֖וּ	הָלַךְ	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	15 יָדַ֔עְתִּי	ccomp	did they go
18	הָֽ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	19 אֲנָשִׁ֑ים	det	the
19	אֲנָשִׁ֑ים	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	17 הָלְכ֖וּ	nsubj	men
20	רִדְפ֥וּ	רָדַף	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	2 יְהִ֨י	parataxis	pursue
21	מַהֵ֛ר	מַהֵר	VERB	HebBinyan=PIEL	20 רִדְפ֥וּ	obl:npmod	quickly
22	אַחֲרֵי	אַחַר	ADP	_	23 הֶ֖ם	case	after
23	הֶ֖ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 רִדְפ֥וּ	obl	them
24	כִּ֥י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	25 תַשִּׂיגֽוּ	mark	(dm)
25	תַשִּׂיגֽוּ	נָשַׂג	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=2	2 יְהִ֨י	advcl	you
26	ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	25 תַשִּׂיגֽוּ	obj	will overtake them
27	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	26 ם	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
סְגּוֹר about] to shut	infinitive construct · qal	שַּׁעַר gate
יָצָאוּ they went out	qatal · qal	אֲנָשִׁים men
not יָדַעְתִּי I know	qatal · qal		הָלְכוּ did they go
הָלְכוּ did they go	qatal · qal	אֲנָשִׁים men
רִדְפוּ pursue	imperative · qal
תַשִּׂיגֽוּ you	yiqtol · hiphil	ם will overtake them

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַהֲוָה עִדָן לְמֵיחַד תַּרְעָא בְּקִבְלָה וְגֻבְרַיָא נְפַקוּ לָא יַדְעֵית לְאָן אֲזַלוּ גֻבְרַיָא רִדְפוּ בִּפְרִיעַ בַּתְרֵיהוֹן אֲרֵי תַדְבְּקוּנוּן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

and it came to pass about the time of the shutting of the gate, when it was dark, that the men went out; whither the men went I know not; pursue after them quickly; for ye shall overtake them.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JOS:22.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.2.5/