Joshua 20:5 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ

Who acts: avenger, cities, manslayer · What happens: pursue, not deliver up, smite, not hate · To what, where: manslayer, hand, neighbour

This is Joshua 20:5 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — avenger, cities, manslayer — and what happens in the verse to manslayer, hand, neighbour, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְכִ֨י יִרְדֹּ֜ף גֹּאֵ֤ל הַדָּם֙ אַֽחֲרָ֔יו וְלֹֽא־יַסְגִּ֥רוּ אֶת־הָרֹצֵ֖חַ בְּיָד֑וֹ כִּ֤י בִבְלִי־דַ֙עַת֙ הִכָּ֣ה אֶת־רֵעֵ֔הוּ וְלֹֽא־שֹׂנֵ֥א ה֛וּא ל֖וֹ מִתְּמ֥וֹל שִׁלְשֽׁוֹם׃

And if the avenger of blood pursue after him, then they shall not deliver up the manslayer into his hand; because he smote his neighbour unawares, and hated him not beforetime.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	3 יִרְדֹּ֜ף	cc	and
2	כִ֨י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	3 יִרְדֹּ֜ף	mark	(dm)
3	יִרְדֹּ֜ף	רָדַף	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he will pursue
4	גֹּאֵ֤ל	גָּאַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	3 יִרְדֹּ֜ף	nsubj	the avenger
5	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	6 דָּם֙	det	of (the)
6	דָּם֙	דָּם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 גֹּאֵ֤ל	compound:smixut	blood
7	אַֽחֲרָ֔י	אַחַר	ADP	_	8 ו	case	after
8	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 יִרְדֹּ֜ף	obl	him
9	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 יַסְגִּ֥רוּ	cc	and
10	לֹֽא־	לֹא	ADV	_	11 יַסְגִּ֥רוּ	advmod	not
11	יַסְגִּ֥רוּ	סָגַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=3	3 יִרְדֹּ֜ף	conj	they will deliver up
12	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	14 רֹצֵ֖חַ	case	(et)
13	הָ	הַ	SCONJ	_	14 רֹצֵ֖חַ	mark	the
14	רֹצֵ֖חַ	רָצַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	11 יַסְגִּ֥רוּ	obj	killer
15	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	16 יָד	case	in
16	יָד	יָד	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 יַסְגִּ֥רוּ	obl	hand
17	֑וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 יָד	nmod:poss	his
18	כִּ֤י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	22 הִכָּ֣ה	mark	(dm)
19	בִ	בְּ	ADP	_	20 בְלִי־	case	with
20	בְלִי־	בְּלִי	ADV	_	22 הִכָּ֣ה	obl	not
21	דַ֙עַת֙	דַּעַת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	20 בְלִי־	nsubj	knowledge
22	הִכָּ֣ה	נָכָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	3 יִרְדֹּ֜ף	advcl	he struck down
23	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	24 רֵע	case	(et)
24	רֵע	רֵעַ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	22 הִכָּ֣ה	obj	neighbor
25	ֵ֔הוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	24 רֵע	nmod:poss	his
26	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	28 שֹׂנֵ֥א	cc	and
27	לֹֽא־	לֹא	ADV	_	28 שֹׂנֵ֥א	advmod	not
28	שֹׂנֵ֥א	שָׂנֵא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	3 יִרְדֹּ֜ף	conj	[was] hating
29	ה֛וּא	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	28 שֹׂנֵ֥א	nsubj	he
30	ל	לְ	ADP	_	31 ֖וֹ	case	(to)
31	֖וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	28 שֹׂנֵ֥א	obl	him
32	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	33 תְּמ֥וֹל	case	from
33	תְּמ֥וֹל	תְּמוֹל	ADV	_	28 שֹׂנֵ֥א	obl	yesterday
34	שִׁלְשֽׁוֹם	שִׁלְשֹׁום	ADV	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	33 תְּמ֥וֹל	advmod	[the] third day
35	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	34 שִׁלְשֽׁוֹם	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
יִרְדֹּף he will pursue	yiqtol · qal	גֹּאֵל the avenger
גֹּאֵל the avenger	participle active · qal		דָּם blood
not יַסְגִּרוּ they will deliver up	yiqtol · hiphil	רֹצֵחַ killer
הִכָּה he struck down	qatal · hiphil	רֵע neighbor		רֹצֵחַ killer
not שֹׂנֵא [was] hating	participle active · qal	הוּא he

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲרֵי יִרְדוֹף גָאֵל דְמָא בַּתְרוֹהִי וְלָא יִמְסְרוּן יַת קָטוֹלָא בִּידֵיהּ אֲרֵי בְּלָא מַדָעֵיהּ קְטַל יַת חַבְרֵיהּ וְלָא שָׂנֵי הוּא לֵיהּ מֵאִתְמָלֵי וּמִדְקֳדָמוֹהִי:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And if the avenger of blood pursue after him, then they shall not deliver up the manslayer into his hand; because he smote his neighbour unawares, and hated him not beforetime.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JOS:525.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.20.5/