Joshua 24:9 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ

Who acts: Balak · What happens: arise, fight, send, call, curse · To what, where: Balaam, you · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Joshua 24:9 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Balak — and what happens in the verse to Balaam, you, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיָּ֨קָם בָּלָ֤ק בֶּן־צִפּוֹר֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ מוֹאָ֔ב וַיִּלָּ֖חֶם בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיִּשְׁלַ֗ח וַיִּקְרָ֛א לְבִלְעָ֥ם בֶּן־בְּע֖וֹר לְקַלֵּ֥ל אֶתְכֶֽם׃

Then Balak the son of Zippor, king of Moab, arose and fought against Israel; and he sent and called Balaam the son of Beor to curse you.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יָּ֨קָם	cc	and
2	יָּ֨קָם	קוּם	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he arose
3	בָּלָ֤ק	בָּלָק	PROPN	_	2 יָּ֨קָם	nsubj	Balak
4	בֶּן־	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	3 בָּלָ֤ק	appos	the son
5	צִפּוֹר֙	צִפּוֹר	PROPN	_	4 בֶּן־	compound:smixut	of Zippor
6	מֶ֣לֶךְ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	3 בָּלָ֤ק	appos	the king
7	מוֹאָ֔ב	מוֹאָב	PROPN	_	6 מֶ֣לֶךְ	compound:smixut	of Moab
8	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	9 יִּלָּ֖חֶם	cc	and
9	יִּלָּ֖חֶם	לָחַם	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יָּ֨קָם	conj	he fought
10	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	11 יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל	case	against
11	יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	9 יִּלָּ֖חֶם	obl	Israel
12	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	13 יִּשְׁלַ֗ח	cc	and
13	יִּשְׁלַ֗ח	שָׁלַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יָּ֨קָם	conj	he sent
14	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	15 יִּקְרָ֛א	cc	and
15	יִּקְרָ֛א	קָרָא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יָּ֨קָם	conj	he summoned
16	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	17 בִלְעָ֥ם	case	(to)
17	בִלְעָ֥ם	בִּלְעָם	PROPN	_	15 יִּקְרָ֛א	obl	Balaam
18	בֶּן־	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	17 בִלְעָ֥ם	appos	the son
19	בְּע֖וֹר	בְּעוֹר	PROPN	_	18 בֶּן־	compound:smixut	of Beor
20	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	21 קַלֵּ֥ל	case	to
21	קַלֵּ֥ל	קָלַל	VERB	HebBinyan=PIEL	15 יִּקְרָ֛א	advcl	curse
22	אֶת	אֵת	ADP	_	23 ְכֶֽם	case
23	ְכֶֽם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	21 קַלֵּ֥ל	obj	you
24	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	23 ְכֶֽם	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יָּקָם he arose	wayyiqtol · qal	בָּלָק Balak
יִּלָּחֶם he fought	wayyiqtol · niphal	בָּלָק Balak
יִּשְׁלַח he sent	wayyiqtol · qal	בָּלָק Balak
יִּקְרָא he summoned	wayyiqtol · qal	בָּלָק Balak
קַלֵּל curse	infinitive construct · piel	בִלְעָם Balaam	ְכֶֽם you

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וְקָם בָּלָק בַּר צִפּוֹר מַלְכָּא דְמוֹאָב וְאַגִיחַ קְרָבָא בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל וּשְׁלַח וּקְרָא לְבִלְעָם בַּר בְּעוֹר לְמֵילַט יַתְכוֹן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Then Balak the son of Zippor, king of Moab, arose and fought against Israel; and he sent and called Balaam the son of Beor to curse you.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JOS:633.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.24.9/