Joshua 4:1 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ

Who acts: it, LORD · What happens: come, pass, speak, say · To what, where: nation, Jordan · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Joshua 4:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — it, LORD — and what happens in the verse to nation, Jordan, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיְהִי֙ כַּאֲשֶׁר־תַּ֣מּוּ כָל־הַגּ֔וֹי לַעֲב֖וֹר אֶת־הַיַּרְדֵּ֑ןפ וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יְהוָ֔ה אֶל־יְהוֹשֻׁ֖עַ לֵאמֹֽר׃

And it came to pass, when all the nation were clean passed over the Jordan, that the LORD spoke unto Joshua, saying:

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יְהִי֙	cc	and
2	יְהִי֙	הָיָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it was
3	כַּ	כְּ	ADP	_	2 יְהִי֙	obl	when
4	אֲשֶׁר־	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	5 תַּ֣מּוּ	mark
5	תַּ֣מּוּ	תָּמַם	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	3 כַּ	acl:relcl	they had finished
6	כָל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	5 תַּ֣מּוּ	nsubj	all
7	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	8 גּ֔וֹי	det	the
8	גּ֔וֹי	גּוֹי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 כָל־	compound:smixut	nation
9	לַ	לְ	ADP	_	10 עֲב֖וֹר	case	to
10	עֲב֖וֹר	עָבַר	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	5 תַּ֣מּוּ	advcl	pass over
11	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	13 יַּרְדֵּ֑ן	case	(et)
12	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	13 יַּרְדֵּ֑ן	det	the
13	יַּרְדֵּ֑ן	יַרְדֵּן	PROPN	_	10 עֲב֖וֹר	obl	Jordan
14	פ	פ	PUNCT	_	13 יַּרְדֵּ֑ן	punct
15	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	16 יֹּ֣אמֶר	cc	and
16	יֹּ֣אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יְהִי֙	conj	he said
17	יְהוָ֔ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	16 יֹּ֣אמֶר	nsubj	Yahweh
18	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	19 יְהוֹשֻׁ֖עַ	case	to
19	יְהוֹשֻׁ֖עַ	יְהֹושֻׁעַ	PROPN	_	16 יֹּ֣אמֶר	obl	Joshua
20	לֵ	לְ	ADP	ExtPos=SCONJ	16 יֹּ֣אמֶר	ccomp	(cmp)
21	אמֹֽר	אָמַר	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	20 לֵ	fixed
22	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	20 לֵ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: a frame; the quote follows
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
תַּמּוּ they had finished	qatal · qal	גּוֹי nation
עֲבוֹר pass over	infinitive construct · qal	גּוֹי nation
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	אֶל־ to
אמֹֽר	infinitive construct · qal	אֶל־ to

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַהֲוָה כַּד שְׁלִימוּ כָל עַמָא לְמֶעְבַּר יַת יַרְדְנָא וַאֲמַר יְיָ לִיהוֹשֻׁעַ לְמֵימָר:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And it came to pass, when all the nation were clean passed over the Jordan, that the LORD spoke unto Joshua, saying:

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JOS:59.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.4.1/