Joshua 4:19 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ

Who acts: people · What happens: come up, encamp · To what, where: Jordan, Gilgal

This is Joshua 4:19 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — people — and what happens in the verse to Jordan, Gilgal, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְהָעָ֗ם עָלוּ֙ מִן־הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן בֶּעָשׂ֖וֹר לַחֹ֣דֶשׁ הָרִאשׁ֑וֹן וַֽיַּחֲנוּ֙ בַּגִּלְגָּ֔ל בִּקְצֵ֖ה מִזְרַ֥ח יְרִיחֽוֹ׃

And the people came up out of the Jordan on the tenth day of the first month, and encamped in Gilgal, on the east border of Jericho.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	4 עָלוּ֙	cc	and
2	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	3 עָ֗ם	det	the
3	עָ֗ם	עַם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 עָלוּ֙	nsubj	people
4	עָלוּ֙	עָלָה	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they went up
5	מִן־	מִן	ADP	_	7 יַּרְדֵּ֔ן	case	from
6	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	7 יַּרְדֵּ֔ן	det	the
7	יַּרְדֵּ֔ן	יַרְדֵּן	PROPN	_	4 עָלוּ֙	obl	Jordan
8	בֶּ	בְּ	ADP	_	10 עָשׂ֖וֹר	case	on
9	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	10 עָשׂ֖וֹר	det	the
10	עָשׂ֖וֹר	עָשׂוֹר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 עָלוּ֙	obl	ten
11	לַ	לְ	ADP	_	13 חֹ֣דֶשׁ	case	of
12	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	13 חֹ֣דֶשׁ	det	the
13	חֹ֣דֶשׁ	חֹדֶשׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	10 עָשׂ֖וֹר	nmod	month
14	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	15 רִאשׁ֑וֹן	det	(the)
15	רִאשׁ֑וֹן	רִאשׁוֹן	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	13 חֹ֣דֶשׁ	amod	first
16	וַֽ	וְ	CCONJ	_	17 יַּחֲנוּ֙	cc	and
17	יַּחֲנוּ֙	חָנָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	4 עָלוּ֙	conj	they encamped
18	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	20 גִּלְגָּ֔ל	case	at
19	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	20 גִּלְגָּ֔ל	det	(the)
20	גִּלְגָּ֔ל	גִּלְגָּל	PROPN	_	17 יַּחֲנוּ֙	obl	Gilgal
21	בִּ	בְּ	ADP	_	22 קְצֵ֖ה	case	on
22	קְצֵ֖ה	קָצֶה	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 יַּחֲנוּ֙	obl	the edge
23	מִזְרַ֥ח	מִזְרָח	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	22 קְצֵ֖ה	compound:smixut	of the east
24	יְרִיחֽוֹ	יְרִיחֹו־יְרִחֹו	PROPN	_	23 מִזְרַ֥ח	compound:smixut	of Jericho
25	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	24 יְרִיחֽוֹ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
עָלוּ they went up	qatal · qal	עָם people
יַּחֲנוּ they encamped	wayyiqtol · qal	עָם people

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וְעַמָא סְלִיקוּ מִן יַרְדְנָא בְּעַשְׂרָא לְיַרְחָא קַדְמָאָה וּשְׁרוֹ בְגִלְגָלָא בִּסְיָפֵי מַדְנַח יְרִיחוֹ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And the people came up out of the Jordan on the tenth day of the first month, and encamped in Gilgal, on the east border of Jericho.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JOS:77.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.4.19/