Joshua 8:11 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ

Who acts: men, people · What happens: be, go up, draw, come, pitch · To what, where: city, north side

This is Joshua 8:11 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — men, people — and what happens in the verse to city, north side, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְכָל־הָעָ֨ם הַמִּלְחָמָ֜ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר אִתּ֗וֹ עָלוּ֙ וַֽיִּגְּשׁ֔וּ וַיָּבֹ֖אוּ נֶ֣גֶד הָעִ֑יר וַֽיַּחֲנוּ֙ מִצְּפ֣וֹן לָעַ֔י וְהַגַּ֖י בֵּינָ֥יו וּבֵין־הָעָֽי׃

And all the people, even the men of war that were with him, went up, and drew nigh, and came before the city, and pitched on the north side of Ai — now there was a valley between him and Ai.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	10 עָלוּ֙	cc	and
2	כָל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	10 עָלוּ֙	nsubj	all
3	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	4 עָ֨ם	det	the
4	עָ֨ם	עַם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 כָל־	compound:smixut	people
5	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	6 מִּלְחָמָ֜ה	det	of (the)
6	מִּלְחָמָ֜ה	מִלְחָמָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	2 כָל־	appos	war
7	אֲשֶׁ֣ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	9 ֗וֹ	mark	which
8	אִתּ	אֵת	ADP	_	9 ֗וֹ	case	[was] with
9	֗וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 מִּלְחָמָ֜ה	acl:relcl	him
10	עָלוּ֙	עָלָה	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they went up
11	וַֽ	וְ	CCONJ	_	12 יִּגְּשׁ֔וּ	cc	and
12	יִּגְּשׁ֔וּ	נָגַשׁ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	10 עָלוּ֙	conj	they approached
13	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	14 יָּבֹ֖אוּ	cc	and
14	יָּבֹ֖אוּ	בּוֹא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	10 עָלוּ֙	conj	they came
15	נֶ֣גֶד	נֶגֶד	NOUN	_	14 יָּבֹ֖אוּ	obl	before
16	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	17 עִ֑יר	det	the
17	עִ֑יר	עִיר	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	15 נֶ֣גֶד	compound:smixut	city
18	וַֽ	וְ	CCONJ	_	19 יַּחֲנוּ֙	cc	and
19	יַּחֲנוּ֙	חָנָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	10 עָלוּ֙	conj	they encamped
20	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	21 צְּפ֣וֹן	case	from [the]
21	צְּפ֣וֹן	צָפוֹן	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	19 יַּחֲנוּ֙	obl	north
22	לָ	לְ	ADP	_	24 עַ֔י	case	of
23	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	24 עַ֔י	det	(the)
24	עַ֔י	עַי	PROPN	_	21 צְּפ֣וֹן	nmod	Ai
25	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	29 ו	cc	and
26	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	27 גַּ֖י	det	the
27	גַּ֖י	גַּיְא	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 ו	nsubj	valley
28	בֵּינָ֥י	בֵּין	ADP	_	29 ו	case	[was] between
29	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 עָלוּ֙	conj	it
30	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	33 עָֽי	cc	and
31	בֵין־	בֵּין	ADP	_	33 עָֽי	case	between
32	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	33 עָֽי	det	(the)
33	עָֽי	עַי	PROPN	_	29 ו	conj	Ai
34	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	33 עָֽי	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
עָלוּ they went up	qatal · qal	עָם people
יִּגְּשׁוּ they approached	wayyiqtol · qal	עָם people
יָּבֹאוּ they came	wayyiqtol · qal	עָם people
יַּחֲנוּ they encamped	wayyiqtol · qal	עָם people

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וְכָל עַמָא עָבְדֵי קְרָבָא דְעִמֵיהּ סְלִיקוּ וְאִתְקְרָבוּ וַאֲתוֹ לָקֳבֵל קַרְתָּא וּשְׁרוֹ מִצִפּוּנָא לָעַי וְחֵילְתָא בֵּינוֹהִי וּבֵין עָי:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And all the people, even the men of war that were with him, went up, and drew nigh, and came before the city, and pitched on the north side of Ai — now there was a valley between him and Ai.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JOS:161.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.8.11/