Joshua 8:12 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ

Who acts: valley · What happens: take, set · To what, where: five men, men, ambush

This is Joshua 8:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — valley — and what happens in the verse to five men, men, ambush, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיִּקַּ֕ח כַּחֲמֵ֥שֶׁת אֲלָפִ֖ים אִ֑ישׁ וַיָּ֨שֶׂם אוֹתָ֜ם אֹרֵ֗ב בֵּ֧ין בֵּֽית־אֵ֛לבֵּֽית־אֵ֛ל וּבֵ֥ין הָעַ֖י מִיָּ֥ם לָעִֽיר׃

And he took about five thousand men, and set them in ambush between Beth-el and Ai, on the west side of Ai.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יִּקַּ֕ח	cc	and
2	יִּקַּ֕ח	לָקַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he took
3	כַּ	כְּ	ADP	_	6 אִ֑ישׁ	case	about
4	חֲמֵ֥שֶׁת	חָמֵשׁ	NUM	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 אִ֑ישׁ	nummod	five
5	אֲלָפִ֖ים	אֶלֶף	NUM	Number=Plur	4 חֲמֵ֥שֶׁת	flat	thousand(s)
6	אִ֑ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יִּקַּ֕ח	obj	man
7	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	8 יָּ֨שֶׂם	cc	and
8	יָּ֨שֶׂם	שׂים	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יִּקַּ֕ח	conj	he set
9	אוֹת	אֵת	ADP	_	10 ָ֜ם	case
10	ָ֜ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 יָּ֨שֶׂם	obj	them
11	אֹרֵ֗ב	אָרַב	NOUN	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	8 יָּ֨שֶׂם	xcomp	an ambush
12	בֵּ֧ין	בֵּין	ADP	_	13 בֵּֽית־אֵ֛ל	case	between
13	בֵּֽית־אֵ֛ל	בֵּית־אֵל	PROPN	_	8 יָּ֨שֶׂם	obl	Bethel
14	בֵּֽית־אֵ֛ל	בֵּיתְאֵל	PROPN	_	13 בֵּֽית־אֵ֛ל	nmod	Bethel
15	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	18 עַ֖י	cc	and
16	בֵ֥ין	בֵּין	ADP	_	18 עַ֖י	case	between
17	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	18 עַ֖י	det	(the)
18	עַ֖י	עַי	PROPN	_	13 בֵּֽית־אֵ֛ל	conj	Ai
19	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	20 יָּ֥ם	case	from [the]
20	יָּ֥ם	יָם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 יָּ֨שֶׂם	obl	west
21	לָ	לְ	ADP	_	23 עִֽיר	case	of
22	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	23 עִֽיר	det	the
23	עִֽיר	עִיר	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	20 יָּ֥ם	nmod	city
24	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	23 עִֽיר	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
יִּקַּח he took	wayyiqtol · qal		אִישׁ man
יָּשֶׂם he set	wayyiqtol · qal		ָם them

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וּדְבַר כְּחַמְשָׁא אַלְפִין גַבְרָא וְשַׁוִי יַתְהוֹן כְּמָנָא בֵּין בֵּית אֵל וּבֵין עָי מִמַעֲרָב לְעָי:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And he took about five thousand men, and set them in ambush between Beth-el and Ai, on the west side of Ai.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JOS:162.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.8.12/