Joshua 8:9 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ

Who acts: Joshua, people · What happens: send, go, abide, lodge · To what, where: people, ambushment, west side

This is Joshua 8:9 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Joshua, people — and what happens in the verse to people, ambushment, west side, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיִּשְׁלָחֵ֣ם יְהוֹשֻׁ֗עַ וַיֵּֽלְכוּ֙ אֶל־הַמַּאְרָ֔ב וַיֵּשְׁב֗וּ בֵּ֧ין בֵּֽית־אֵ֛לבֵּֽית־אֵ֛ל וּבֵ֥ין הָעַ֖י מִיָּ֣ם לָעָ֑י וַיָּ֧לֶן יְהוֹשֻׁ֛עַ בַּלַּ֥יְלָה הַה֖וּא בְּת֥וֹךְ הָעָֽם׃

And Joshua sent them forth; and they went to the ambushment, and abode between Beth-el and Ai, on the west side of Ai; but Joshua lodged that night among the people.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יִּשְׁלָח	cc	and
2	יִּשְׁלָח	שָׁלַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he
3	ֵ֣ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 יִּשְׁלָח	obj	sent them out
4	יְהוֹשֻׁ֗עַ	יְהֹושֻׁעַ	PROPN	_	2 יִּשְׁלָח	nsubj	Joshua
5	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	6 יֵּֽלְכוּ֙	cc	and
6	יֵּֽלְכוּ֙	הלך	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יִּשְׁלָח	conj	they went
7	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	9 מַּאְרָ֔ב	case	to
8	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	9 מַּאְרָ֔ב	det	the
9	מַּאְרָ֔ב	מַאֲרָב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 יֵּֽלְכוּ֙	obl	ambush
10	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 יֵּשְׁב֗וּ	cc	and
11	יֵּשְׁב֗וּ	יָשַׁב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יִּשְׁלָח	conj	they remained
12	בֵּ֧ין	בֵּין	ADP	_	13 בֵּֽית־אֵ֛ל	case	between
13	בֵּֽית־אֵ֛ל	בֵּית־אֵל	PROPN	_	11 יֵּשְׁב֗וּ	obl	Bethel
14	בֵּֽית־אֵ֛ל	בֵּיתְאֵל	PROPN	_	13 בֵּֽית־אֵ֛ל	nmod	Bethel
15	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	18 עַ֖י	cc	and
16	בֵ֥ין	בֵּין	ADP	_	18 עַ֖י	case	between
17	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	18 עַ֖י	det	(the)
18	עַ֖י	עַי	PROPN	_	13 בֵּֽית־אֵ֛ל	conj	Ai
19	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	20 יָּ֣ם	case	from [the]
20	יָּ֣ם	יָם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 יֵּשְׁב֗וּ	obl	west
21	לָ	לְ	ADP	_	23 עָ֑י	case	of
22	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	23 עָ֑י	det	(the)
23	עָ֑י	עַי	PROPN	_	20 יָּ֣ם	nmod	Ai
24	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	25 יָּ֧לֶן	cc	and
25	יָּ֧לֶן	לין	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יִּשְׁלָח	conj	he stayed
26	יְהוֹשֻׁ֛עַ	יְהֹושֻׁעַ	PROPN	_	25 יָּ֧לֶן	nsubj	Joshua
27	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	29 לַּ֥יְלָה	case	in
28	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	29 לַּ֥יְלָה	det	the
29	לַּ֥יְלָה	לַיְלָה	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	25 יָּ֧לֶן	obl	night
30	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	31 ה֖וּא	det	(the)
31	ה֖וּא	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	29 לַּ֥יְלָה	det	that
32	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	33 ת֥וֹךְ	case	among
33	ת֥וֹךְ	תָּוֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	25 יָּ֧לֶן	obl
34	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	35 עָֽם	det	the
35	עָֽם	עַם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	33 ת֥וֹךְ	compound:smixut	people
36	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	35 עָֽם	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יִּשְׁלָח he	wayyiqtol · qal	יְהוֹשֻׁעַ Joshua	ֵם sent them out
יֵּֽלְכוּ they went	wayyiqtol · qal
יֵּשְׁבוּ they remained	wayyiqtol · qal
יָּלֶן he stayed	wayyiqtol · qal	וַ and

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וּשְׁלָחִינוּן יְהוֹשֻׁעַ וַאֲזַלוּ לִכְמָנָא וִיתַבוּ בֵּין בֵּית אֵל וּבֵין עָי מַעֲרַב לְעָי וּבָת יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בְּלֵילְיָא הַהוּא בְּגוֹ עַמָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And Joshua sent them forth; and they went to the ambushment, and abode between Beth-el and Ai, on the west side of Ai; but Joshua lodged that night among the people.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JOS:159.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.8.9/