Joshua 8:9 · JPS 1917
And Joshua sent them forth; and they went to the ambushment, and abode between Beth-el and Ai, on the west side of Ai; but Joshua lodged that night among the people.
Who acts: Joshua, people · What happens: send, go, abide, lodge · To what, where: people, ambushment, west side
This is Joshua 8:9 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Joshua, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 sent | cc |
| 2 | Joshua | Joshua | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 sent | nsubj |
| 3 | sent | send | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 sent | obj |
| 5 | forth | forth | ADV | _ | 3 sent | advmod |
| 6 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 9 went | punct |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 went | cc |
| 8 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 went | nsubj |
| 9 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 sent | conj |
| 10 | to | to | ADP | _ | 12 ambushment | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 ambushment | det |
| 12 | ambushment | ambushment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 went | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 abode | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 abode | cc |
| 15 | abode | abide | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 went | conj |
| 16 | between | between | ADP | _ | 19 el | case |
| 17 | Beth | Beth | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 el | compound |
| 18 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 19 el | punct |
| 19 | el | Beth-el | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 abode | obl |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 Ai | cc |
| 21 | Ai | Ai | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 el | conj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 side | punct |
| 23 | on | on | ADP | _ | 26 side | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 side | det |
| 25 | west | west | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 side | amod |
| 26 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 abode | obl |
| 27 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 Ai | case |
| 28 | Ai | Ai | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 side | nmod |
| 29 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 32 lodged | punct |
| 30 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 32 lodged | cc |
| 31 | Joshua | Joshua | PROPN | Number=Sing | 32 lodged | nsubj |
| 32 | lodged | lodge | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 sent | conj |
| 33 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 34 night | det |
| 34 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 lodged | obl:unmarked |
| 35 | among | among | ADP | _ | 37 people | case |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 people | det |
| 37 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 lodged | obl |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 sent | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | send | past | Joshua | people | forth property | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme | |||
| 2 | go | past | people | the ambushment | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to ambushment=Initial_Location | ||||
| 3 | abide | past | people not said here | the west side of Ai | between Beth el and Ai | tree rules | |||
| 4 | lodge | past | Joshua | night | among the people | vn put-9.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent among people=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיִּשְׁלָחֵ֣ם יְהוֹשֻׁ֗עַ וַיֵּֽלְכוּ֙ אֶל־הַמַּאְרָ֔ב וַיֵּשְׁב֗וּ בֵּ֧ין בֵּֽית־אֵ֛לבֵּֽית־אֵ֛ל וּבֵ֥ין הָעַ֖י מִיָּ֣ם לָעָ֑י וַיָּ֧לֶן יְהוֹשֻׁ֛עַ בַּלַּ֥יְלָה הַה֖וּא בְּת֥וֹךְ הָעָֽם׃
Joshua 8:9: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:JOS:164 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.164/