Nahum 1:10 נַחוּם

Who acts: hills · What happens: tangle, be, accord, devour · To what, where: hills

This is Nahum 1:10 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — hills — and what happens in the verse to hills, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 3 chapters of Nahum on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

כִּ֚י עַד־סִירִ֣ים סְבֻכִ֔ים וּכְסָבְאָ֖ם סְבוּאִ֑ים אֻ֨כְּל֔וּ כְּקַ֥שׁ יָבֵ֖שׁ מָלֵֽא׃

For though they be like tangled thorns, and be drunken according to their drink, they shall be devoured as stubble fully dry.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	כִּ֚י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	4 סְבֻכִ֔ים	mark	(dm)
2	עַד־	עַד	ADP	_	3 סִירִ֣ים	case	to
3	סִירִ֣ים	סִירָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	4 סְבֻכִ֔ים	obl	thorns
4	סְבֻכִ֔ים	סָבַךְ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	root	root	entangled
5	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	9 סְבוּאִ֑ים	cc	and
6	כְ	כְּ	ADP	_	7 סָבְא	case	like
7	סָבְא	סֹבֶא	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	9 סְבוּאִ֑ים	obl	drink
8	ָ֖ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 סָבְא	nmod:poss	their
9	סְבוּאִ֑ים	סָבָא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	4 סְבֻכִ֔ים	conj	drunkards
10	אֻ֨כְּל֔וּ	אָכַל	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QALPASSIVE Number=Plur Person=3	4 סְבֻכִ֔ים	parataxis	they will be consumed
11	כְּ	כְּ	ADP	_	12 קַ֥שׁ	case	like
12	קַ֥שׁ	קַשׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	10 אֻ֨כְּל֔וּ	obl	stubble
13	יָבֵ֖שׁ	יָבֵשׁ	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	12 קַ֥שׁ	amod	dry
14	מָלֵֽא	מָלֵא	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	10 אֻ֨כְּל֔וּ	advmod	full
15	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	14 מָלֵֽא	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
סְבֻכִים entangled	participle passive · qal
סְבוּאִים drunkards	participle passive · qal
אֻכְּלוּ they will be consumed	qatal · qalpassive

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

אֲרֵי שִׁלְטוֹנֵי עַמְמַיָא דְבָזוּ יַת בֵּית יִשְׂרָאֵל וּכְמָא דְטָעַן בְּחַמְרָא אַטְעִיאוּנוּן שֵׁיצֵיאוּנוּן כְּמָא דִמְשַׁצְיָא אֶשְׁתָּא בְּקַשָׁא יְבֵישָׁא סַגִי:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

For though they be like tangled thorns, and be drunken according to their drink, they shall be devoured as stubble fully dry.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:NAM:9.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/NAM.1.10/