Nahum 1:3 נַחוּם

Who acts: LORD, clouds · What happens: be, clear · To what, where: power, guilty, way, dust

This is Nahum 1:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, clouds — and what happens in the verse to power, guilty, way, dust, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 3 chapters of Nahum on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

יְהֹוָ֗ה אֶ֤רֶךְ אַפַּ֙יִם֙ וּגְדָל־כֹּ֔חַ וְנַקֵּ֖ה לֹ֣א יְנַקֶּ֑ה יְהוָ֗ה בְּסוּפָ֤ה וּבִשְׂעָרָה֙ דַּרְכּ֔וֹ וְעָנָ֖ן אֲבַ֥ק רַגְלָֽיו׃

The LORD is long-suffering, and great in power, and will by no means clear the guilty; the LORD, in the whirlwind and in the storm is His way, and the clouds are the dust of His feet.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	יְהֹוָ֗ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	2 אֶ֤רֶךְ	nsubj	Yahweh
2	אֶ֤רֶךְ	אָרֵךְ	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	root	root	[is] long
3	אַפַּ֙יִם֙	אַף	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Dual	2 אֶ֤רֶךְ	compound:smixut	of anger(s)
4	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	5 גְדָל־	cc	and
5	גְדָל־	גָּדוֹל	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 אֶ֤רֶךְ	conj	great
6	כֹּ֔חַ	כֹּחַ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	5 גְדָל־	compound:smixut	of power
7	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	10 יְנַקֶּ֑ה	cc	and
8	נַקֵּ֖ה	נָקָה	VERB	HebBinyan=PIEL	10 יְנַקֶּ֑ה	obl:npmod	certainly (leave unpunished)
9	לֹ֣א	לֹא	ADV	_	10 יְנַקֶּ֑ה	advmod	not
10	יְנַקֶּ֑ה	נָקָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3	2 אֶ֤רֶךְ	conj	he will leave unpunished
11	יְהוָ֗ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	10 יְנַקֶּ֑ה	nsubj	Yahweh
12	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	13 סוּפָ֤ה	case	[is] in
13	סוּפָ֤ה	סוּפָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	2 אֶ֤רֶךְ	parataxis	storm-wind
14	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	16 שְׂעָרָה֙	cc	and
15	בִ	בְּ	ADP	_	16 שְׂעָרָה֙	case	in
16	שְׂעָרָה֙	שְׂעָרָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	13 סוּפָ֤ה	conj	storm
17	דַּרְכּ	דֶּרֶךְ	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 סוּפָ֤ה	nsubj	way
18	֔וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 דַּרְכּ	nmod:poss	his
19	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	21 אֲבַ֥ק	cc	and
20	עָנָ֖ן	עָנָן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	21 אֲבַ֥ק	nsubj	cloud[s]
21	אֲבַ֥ק	אָבָק	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 אֶ֤רֶךְ	conj	[are] the dust
22	רַגְלָֽי	רֶגֶל	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Dual	21 אֲבַ֥ק	compound:smixut	his feet
23	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 רַגְלָֽי	nmod:poss	his
24	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	23 ו	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
not יְנַקֶּה he will leave unpunished	yiqtol · piel	יְהוָה Yahweh

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

יְיָ מַרְחֵיק רְגַז וּסְגִי חֵילָא קֳדָמוֹהִי עֲתִיד יְיָ לְאִתְפְּרַע וּסְלַח לִדְתַיְבִין לְאוֹרַיְתָא לִדְלָא תַיְבִין לָא מְזַכֵּי יְיָ בְּעַלְעוֹלָא וּבְרוּחַ מְדַבֵּר וַעֲנַן אֲמִיטְתָא כַּבֵּישׁ קֳדָמוֹהִי:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

The LORD is long-suffering, and great in power, and will by no means clear the guilty; the LORD, in the whirlwind and in the storm is His way, and the clouds are the dust of His feet.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:NAM:2.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/NAM.1.3/