Nahum 2:11 נַחוּם

Who acts: end, heart, knees, convulsion, faces · What happens: be, melt, smite, gather · To what, where: loins, blackness

This is Nahum 2:11 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — end, heart, knees, convulsion, faces — and what happens in the verse to loins, blackness, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 3 chapters of Nahum on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

בּוּקָ֥ה וּמְבוּקָ֖ה וּמְבֻלָּקָ֑ה וְלֵ֨ב נָמֵ֜ס וּפִ֣ק בִּרְכַּ֗יִם וְחַלְחָלָה֙ בְּכָל־מָתְנַ֔יִם וּפְנֵ֥י כֻלָּ֖ם קִבְּצ֥וּ פָארֽוּר׃

She is empty, and void, and waste; and the heart melteth, and the knees smite together, and convulsion is in all loins, and the faces of them all have gathered blackness.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	בּוּקָ֥ה	בּוּקָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	root	root	emptiness
2	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	3 מְבוּקָ֖ה	cc	and
3	מְבוּקָ֖ה	מְבוּקָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	1 בּוּקָ֥ה	conj	emptiness
4	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	5 מְבֻלָּקָ֑ה	cc	and
5	מְבֻלָּקָ֑ה	בָּלַק	NOUN	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=PUAL Number=Sing	1 בּוּקָ֥ה	conj	devastation
6	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	8 נָמֵ֜ס	cc	and
7	לֵ֨ב	לֵב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 נָמֵ֜ס	nsubj	a heart
8	נָמֵ֜ס	מָסַס	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=3	1 בּוּקָ֥ה	conj	melting
9	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	10 פִ֣ק	cc	and
10	פִ֣ק	פִּק	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	1 בּוּקָ֥ה	conj	tottering
11	בִּרְכַּ֗יִם	בֶּרֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Dual	10 פִ֣ק	compound:smixut	of knees
12	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	15 כָל־	cc	and
13	חַלְחָלָה֙	חַלְחָלָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	15 כָל־	nsubj	anguish
14	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	15 כָל־	case	[is] in
15	כָל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	1 בּוּקָ֥ה	conj	all
16	מָתְנַ֔יִם	מׇתְנַיִם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Dual	15 כָל־	compound:smixut	loins
17	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	21 קִבְּצ֥וּ	cc	and
18	פְנֵ֥י	פָּנֶה	NOUN	Number=Plur	21 קִבְּצ֥וּ	nsubj	the faces
19	כֻלּ	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	18 פְנֵ֥י	compound:smixut	all of them
20	ָ֖ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 כֻלּ	nmod:poss	their
21	קִבְּצ֥וּ	קָבַץ	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur Person=3	1 בּוּקָ֥ה	conj	they have gathered
22	פָארֽוּר	פָּארוּר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	21 קִבְּצ֥וּ	obj	a glow
23	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	22 פָארֽוּר	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
נָמֵס melting	qatal · niphal	לֵב a heart
קִבְּצוּ they have gathered	qatal · piel	פְנֵי the faces	פָארֽוּר a glow

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

בְּזִיזָא וּמִתְבַּזְזָא וּפְתִיחַ תַּרְעָא לְסָנְאָה וְלֵב מְסֵי וְנִקוּשׁ רְכוּבִין וְזִיוּעַ בְּכָל חַרְצִין וְאַפֵּי כּוּלְהוֹן אִתְחַפִּיאוּ אִכְּרוּם אוֹכָמִין כְּקִידְרָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

She is empty, and void, and waste; and the heart melteth, and the knees smite together, and convulsion is in all loins, and the faces of them all have gathered blackness.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:NAM:24.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/NAM.2.11/