Nahum 3:15 נַחוּם

Who acts: fire, sword · What happens: devour, cut off, make · To what, where: thee, thyself

This is Nahum 3:15 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — fire, sword — and what happens in the verse to thee, thyself, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 3 chapters of Nahum on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

שָׁ֚ם תֹּאכְלֵ֣ךְ אֵ֔שׁ תַּכְרִיתֵ֣ךְ חֶ֔רֶב תֹּאכְלֵ֖ךְ כַּיָּ֑לֶק הִתְכַּבֵּ֣ד כַּיֶּ֔לֶק הִֽתְכַּבְּדִ֖י כָּאַרְבֶּֽה׃

There shall the fire devour thee; the sword shall cut thee off, it shall devour thee like the canker-worm; make thyself many as the canker-worm, make thyself many as the locusts.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	שָׁ֚ם	שָׁם	ADV	_	2 תֹּאכְל	advmod	there
2	תֹּאכְל	אָכַל	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it
3	ֵ֣ךְ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	2 תֹּאכְל	obj	will consume you
4	אֵ֔שׁ	אֵשׁ	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 תֹּאכְל	nsubj	fire
5	תַּכְרִית	כָּרַת	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	2 תֹּאכְל	parataxis	it
6	ֵ֣ךְ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	5 תַּכְרִית	obj	will cut you off
7	חֶ֔רֶב	חֶרֶב	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	5 תַּכְרִית	nsubj	[the] sword
8	תֹּאכְל	אָכַל	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 תֹּאכְל	parataxis	it
9	ֵ֖ךְ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	8 תֹּאכְל	obj	will consume you
10	כַּ	כְּ	ADP	_	12 יָּ֑לֶק	case	like
11	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	12 יָּ֑לֶק	det	(the)
12	יָּ֑לֶק	יֶלֶק	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 תֹּאכְל	obl	locust[s]
13	הִתְכַּבֵּ֣ד	כָּבֵד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HITHPAEL Number=Sing Person=2	2 תֹּאכְל	parataxis	make yourself numerous
14	כַּ	כְּ	ADP	_	16 יֶּ֔לֶק	case	like
15	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	16 יֶּ֔לֶק	det	(the)
16	יֶּ֔לֶק	יֶלֶק	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	13 הִתְכַּבֵּ֣ד	obl	locust[s]
17	הִֽתְכַּבְּדִ֖י	כָּבֵד	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=HITHPAEL Number=Sing Person=2	2 תֹּאכְל	parataxis	make yourself numerous
18	כָּ	כְּ	ADP	_	20 אַרְבֶּֽה	case	like
19	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	20 אַרְבֶּֽה	det	the
20	אַרְבֶּֽה	אַרְבֶּה	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	17 הִֽתְכַּבְּדִ֖י	obl	locust
21	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	20 אַרְבֶּֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
תֹּאכְל it	yiqtol · qal	אֵשׁ fire	ֵךְ will consume you
תַּכְרִית it	yiqtol · hiphil	ֵךְ will cut you off		חֶרֶב [the] sword
תֹּאכְל it	yiqtol · qal	חֶרֶב [the] sword	ֵךְ will consume you
הִתְכַּבֵּד make yourself numerous	imperative · hithpael
הִֽתְכַּבְּדִי make yourself numerous	imperative · hithpael

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

לְתַמָן וֵיֵתוּן עֲלָךְ עַמְמַיָא דְתַקִיפִין כְּאֶשְׁתָּא יְשֵׁיצוּנִיךְ קָטוֹלֵי חַרְבָּא יִתְכַּנְשׁוּן עֲלָךְ מַשִׁרְיַת עַמְמִין דְסַגִיאִין כְּזָחֲלָא יַחֲפוּנַיִךְ כְּגוֹבָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

There shall the fire devour thee; the sword shall cut thee off, it shall devour thee like the canker-worm; make thyself many as the canker-worm, make thyself many as the locusts.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:NAM:42.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/NAM.3.15/