Nahum 3:18 נַחוּם

Who acts: shepherds, worthies, none · What happens: slumber, be, scatter, gather · To what, where: rest, people, mountains

This is Nahum 3:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — shepherds, worthies, none — and what happens in the verse to rest, people, mountains, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 3 chapters of Nahum on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

נָמ֤וּ רֹעֶ֙יךָ֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ אַשּׁ֔וּר יִשְׁכְּנ֖וּ אַדִּירֶ֑יךָ נָפֹ֧שׁוּ עַמְּךָ֛ עַל־הֶהָרִ֖ים וְאֵ֥ין מְקַבֵּֽץ׃

Thy shepherds slumber, O king of Assyria, thy worthies are at rest; thy people are scattered upon the mountains, and there is none to gather them.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	נָמ֤וּ	נוּם	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they are slumbering
2	רֹעֶ֙י	רָעָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	1 נָמ֤וּ	nsubj	shepherds
3	ךָ֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	2 רֹעֶ֙י	nmod:poss	your
4	מֶ֣לֶךְ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	1 נָמ֤וּ	parataxis	O king
5	אַשּׁ֔וּר	אַשּׁוּר	PROPN	_	4 מֶ֣לֶךְ	compound:smixut	of Assyria
6	יִשְׁכְּנ֖וּ	שָׁכַן	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	1 נָמ֤וּ	parataxis	they settle down
7	אַדִּירֶ֑י	אַדִּיר	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	6 יִשְׁכְּנ֖וּ	nsubj	your
8	ךָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	7 אַדִּירֶ֑י	nmod:poss	nobles
9	נָפֹ֧שׁוּ	פּוּשׁ	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Plur Person=3	1 נָמ֤וּ	parataxis	they are scattered
10	עַמּ	עַם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	9 נָפֹ֧שׁוּ	nsubj	people
11	ְךָ֛	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	10 עַמּ	nmod:poss	your
12	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	14 הָרִ֖ים	case	on
13	הֶ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	14 הָרִ֖ים	det	the
14	הָרִ֖ים	הַר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	9 נָפֹ֧שׁוּ	obl	mountains
15	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	16 אֵ֥ין	cc	and
16	אֵ֥ין	אַיִן	ADV	_	1 נָמ֤וּ	conj	there [is] not
17	מְקַבֵּֽץ	קָבַץ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing	16 אֵ֥ין	nsubj	[one who] gathers
18	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	17 מְקַבֵּֽץ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
not נָמוּ they are slumbering	qatal · qal	רֹעֶי shepherds
יִשְׁכְּנוּ they settle down	yiqtol · qal	אַדִּירֶי your
נָפֹשׁוּ they are scattered	qatal · niphal		עַמּ people
מְקַבֵּֽץ [one who] gathers	participle active · piel		עַמּ people

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

אִתְּבָרוּ גִבָּרָךְ מַלְכָּא דְאַתּוּר גְלוֹ עַם מַשִׁרְיָתָךְ אִתְבַּדָרוּ עַמָךְ עַל טוּרַיָא וְלֵית דְמַכְנִישׁ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Thy shepherds slumber, O king of Assyria, thy worthies are at rest; thy people are scattered upon the mountains, and there is none to gather them.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:NAM:45.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/NAM.3.18/