Nahum 3:18 · JPS 1917
Thy shepherds slumber, O king of Assyria, thy worthies are at rest; thy people are scattered upon the mountains, and there is none to gather them.
Who acts: shepherds, worthies, none · What happens: slumber, be, scatter, gather · To what, where: rest, people, mountains
This is Nahum 3:18 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (shepherds, worthies, none), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 2 shepherds | nmod:poss |
| 2 | shepherds | shepherd | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 slumber | nsubj |
| 3 | slumber | slumber | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 king | punct |
| 5 | O | o | INTJ | _ | 6 king | discourse |
| 6 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 slumber | vocative |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 Assyria | case |
| 8 | Assyria | Assyria | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 king | nmod |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 slumber | punct |
| 10 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 11 worthies | nmod:poss |
| 11 | worthies | worthy | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 rest | nsubj |
| 12 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 rest | cop |
| 13 | at | at | ADP | _ | 14 rest | case |
| 14 | rest | rest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 slumber | parataxis |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 19 scattered | punct |
| 16 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 17 people | nmod:poss |
| 17 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 scattered | nsubj:pass |
| 18 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 scattered | aux:pass |
| 19 | scattered | scatter | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 slumber | parataxis |
| 20 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 22 mountains | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 mountains | det |
| 22 | mountains | mountain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 scattered | obl |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 is | punct |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 is | cc |
| 25 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 26 is | expl |
| 26 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 scattered | conj |
| 27 | none | none | PRON | PronType=Neg | 26 is | nsubj |
| 28 | to | to | PART | _ | 29 gather | mark |
| 29 | gather | gather | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 27 none | acl |
| 30 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 gather | obj |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 slumber | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | slumber | present | Thy shepherds | king of Assyria vocative | vn snooze-40.4 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | is | present | thy worthies | rest | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | scatter | present · passive | thy people | the mountains | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme upon mountain=Destination | ||||
| 4 | be | present | none | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 5 | gather | to-infinitive | none not said here | people | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
נָמ֤וּ רֹעֶ֙יךָ֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ אַשּׁ֔וּר יִשְׁכְּנ֖וּ אַדִּירֶ֑יךָ נָפֹ֧שׁוּ עַמְּךָ֛ עַל־הֶהָרִ֖ים וְאֵ֥ין מְקַבֵּֽץ׃
Nahum 3:18: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:NAM:51 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/NAM.51/