Zechariah 1:4 זְכַרְיָה

Who acts: ye, former prophets, LORD, fathers · What happens: not be, proclaim, say, return, not hear, attend · To what, where: evil ways · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Zechariah 1:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — ye, former prophets, LORD, fathers — and what happens in the verse to evil ways, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 14 chapters of Zechariah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

אַל־תִּהְי֣וּ כַאֲבֹֽתֵיכֶ֡ם אֲשֶׁ֣ר קָרְאֽוּ־אֲלֵיהֶם֩ הַנְּבִיאִ֨ים הָרִֽאשֹׁנִ֜ים לֵאמֹ֗ר כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת שׁ֤וּבוּ נָא֙ מִדַּרְכֵיכֶ֣ם הָרָעִ֔ים וּמַֽעֲלְלֵיכֶ֖םהָֽרָעִ֑ים וְלֹ֥א שָׁמְע֛וּ וְלֹֽא־הִקְשִׁ֥יבוּ אֵלַ֖י נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃

Be ye not as your fathers, unto whom the former prophets proclaimed, saying: Thus saith the LORD of hosts: Return ye now from your evil ways, and from your evil doings; but they did not hear, nor attend unto Me, saith the LORD.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	אַל־	אַל	ADV	_	4 אֲבֹֽתֵי	advmod	do not
2	תִּהְי֣וּ	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	4 אֲבֹֽתֵי	cop	be
3	כַ	כְּ	ADP	_	4 אֲבֹֽתֵי	case	like
4	אֲבֹֽתֵי	אָב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	root	root	ancestors
5	כֶ֡ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	4 אֲבֹֽתֵי	nmod:poss	your
6	אֲשֶׁ֣ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	7 קָרְאֽוּ־	mark	whom
7	קָרְאֽוּ־	קָרָא	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	4 אֲבֹֽתֵי	acl:relcl	they proclaimed
8	אֲלֵי	אֶל	ADP	_	9 הֶם֩	case	to
9	הֶם֩	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 קָרְאֽוּ־	obl	them
10	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	11 נְּבִיאִ֨ים	det	the
11	נְּבִיאִ֨ים	נָבִיא	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	7 קָרְאֽוּ־	nsubj	prophets
12	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	13 רִֽאשֹׁנִ֜ים	det	(the)
13	רִֽאשֹׁנִ֜ים	רִאשׁוֹן	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	11 נְּבִיאִ֨ים	amod	former
14	לֵ	לְ	ADP	ExtPos=SCONJ	17 אָמַר֙	mark	(cmp)
15	אמֹ֗ר	אָמַר	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	14 לֵ	fixed
16	כֹּ֤ה	כֹּה	ADV	_	17 אָמַר֙	advmod	thus
17	אָמַר֙	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	7 קָרְאֽוּ־	ccomp	he says
18	יְהוָ֣ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	17 אָמַר֙	nsubj	Yahweh
19	צְבָא֔וֹת	צָבָא	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 יְהוָ֣ה	compound:smixut	of hosts
20	שׁ֤וּבוּ	שׁוּב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	17 אָמַר֙	ccomp	turn back
21	נָא֙	נָא	INTJ	_	20 שׁ֤וּבוּ	discourse	please
22	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	23 דַּרְכֵי	case	from
23	דַּרְכֵי	דֶּרֶךְ	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 שׁ֤וּבוּ	obl	ways
24	כֶ֣ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	23 דַּרְכֵי	nmod:poss	your
25	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	26 רָעִ֔ים	det	(the)
26	רָעִ֔ים	רַע	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	23 דַּרְכֵי	amod	evil
27	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	28 מַֽעֲלְלֵי	cc	and
28	מַֽעֲלְלֵי	מַעֲלָל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	23 דַּרְכֵי	conj	deeds
29	כֶ֖ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	28 מַֽעֲלְלֵי	nmod:poss	your
30	הָֽ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	31 רָעִ֑ים	det	(the)
31	רָעִ֑ים	רַע	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	28 מַֽעֲלְלֵי	amod	evil
32	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	34 שָׁמְע֛וּ	cc	and
33	לֹ֥א	לֹא	ADV	_	34 שָׁמְע֛וּ	advmod	not
34	שָׁמְע֛וּ	שָׁמַע	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	4 אֲבֹֽתֵי	conj	they listened
35	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	37 הִקְשִׁ֥יבוּ	cc	and
36	לֹֽא־	לֹא	ADV	_	37 הִקְשִׁ֥יבוּ	advmod	not
37	הִקְשִׁ֥יבוּ	קָשַׁב	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=3	4 אֲבֹֽתֵי	conj	they paid attention
38	אֵל	אֶל	ADP	_	39 ַ֖י	case	to
39	ַ֖י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	37 הִקְשִׁ֥יבוּ	obl	me
40	נְאֻם־	נְאֻם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 אֲבֹֽתֵי	parataxis	the utterance
41	יְהוָֽה	יהוה	PROPN	_	40 נְאֻם־	compound:smixut	of Yahweh
42	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	41 יְהוָֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
the frame alone: decl · assert · neg

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
תִּהְיוּ be	jussive · qal
קָרְאֽוּ־ they proclaimed	qatal · qal	נְּבִיאִים prophets
אמֹר	infinitive construct · qal	נְּבִיאִים prophets	אָמַר he says
אָמַר he says	qatal · qal	יְהוָה Yahweh
שׁוּבוּ turn back	imperative · qal	אֲבֹֽתֵי ancestors
not שָׁמְעוּ they listened	qatal · qal	אֲבֹֽתֵי ancestors
not הִקְשִׁיבוּ they paid attention	qatal · hiphil	אֲבֹֽתֵי ancestors

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

לָא תְהוֹן כַּאֲבָהָתְכוֹן דְיִתְנַבּוּן לְהוֹן נְבִיַיָא קַדְמָאֵי לְמֵימַר כִּדְנַן אֲמַר יְיָ צְבָאוֹת תּוּבוּ כְעַן מֵאוֹרְחָתכוֹן בִּישְׁתָא וּמֵעוֹבָדֵיכוֹן מְקַלְקְלַיָא וְלָא קַבִּילוּ וְלָא אֲצִיתוּ לְמֵימְרִי אֲמַר יְיָ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Be ye not as your fathers, unto whom the former prophets proclaimed, saying: Thus saith the LORD of hosts: Return ye now from your evil ways, and from your evil doings; but they did not hear, nor attend unto Me, saith the LORD.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:ZEC:3.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC.1.4/