Zechariah 10:5 זְכַרְיָה
Who acts: goats, LORD · What happens: be, tread down, fight, confound · To what, where: mighty men, mire, riders
This is Zechariah 10:5 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — goats, LORD — and what happens in the verse to mighty men, mire, riders, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 14 chapters of Zechariah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
וְהָי֨וּ כְגִבֹּרִ֜ים בּוֹסִ֨ים בְּטִ֤יט חוּצוֹת֙ בַּמִּלְחָמָ֔ה וְנִ֨לְחֲמ֔וּ כִּ֥י יְהוָ֖ה עִמָּ֑ם וְהֹבִ֖ישׁוּ רֹכְבֵ֥י סוּסִֽים׃
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 4 גִבֹּרִ֜ים | cc | and |
| 2 | הָי֨וּ | הָיָה | AUX | Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3 | 4 גִבֹּרִ֜ים | cop | they will be |
| 3 | כְ | כְּ | ADP | _ | 4 גִבֹּרִ֜ים | case | like |
| 4 | גִבֹּרִ֜ים | גִּבּוֹר | ADJ | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | root | root | warriors |
| 5 | בּוֹסִ֨ים | בּוּס | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur | 4 גִבֹּרִ֜ים | parataxis | [who] tread down |
| 6 | בְּ | בְּ | ADP | _ | 7 טִ֤יט | case | in [the] |
| 7 | טִ֤יט | טִיט | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 5 בּוֹסִ֨ים | obl | mud |
| 8 | חוּצוֹת֙ | חוּץ | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 7 טִ֤יט | compound:smixut | of [the] streets |
| 9 | בַּ | בְּ | ADP | _ | 11 מִּלְחָמָ֔ה | case | in |
| 10 | ה | הַ | DET | PronType=Art | 11 מִּלְחָמָ֔ה | det | (the) |
| 11 | מִּלְחָמָ֔ה | מִלְחָמָה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 5 בּוֹסִ֨ים | obl | battle |
| 12 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 13 נִ֨לְחֲמ֔וּ | cc | and |
| 13 | נִ֨לְחֲמ֔וּ | לָחַם | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Plur Person=3 | 4 גִבֹּרִ֜ים | conj | they will fight |
| 14 | כִּ֥י | כִּי | SCONJ | _ | 17 ָ֑ם | mark | (dm) |
| 15 | יְהוָ֖ה | יהוה | PROPN | _ | 17 ָ֑ם | nsubj | Yahweh |
| 16 | עִמּ | עִם | ADP | _ | 17 ָ֑ם | case | [will |
| 17 | ָ֑ם | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 גִבֹּרִ֜ים | advcl | be] with them |
| 18 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 19 הֹבִ֖ישׁוּ | cc | and |
| 19 | הֹבִ֖ישׁוּ | יָבֵשׁ | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=3 | 4 גִבֹּרִ֜ים | conj | they will put to shame |
| 20 | רֹכְבֵ֥י | רָכַב | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur | 19 הֹבִ֖ישׁוּ | obj | riders |
| 21 | סוּסִֽים | סוּס | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 20 רֹכְבֵ֥י | compound:smixut | of horses |
| 22 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 21 סוּסִֽים | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- speech
- inside a quote begun earlier
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| הָיוּ they will be | qatal · qal | ||||
| בּוֹסִים [who] tread down | participle active · qal | ||||
| נִלְחֲמוּ they will fight | qatal · niphal | ||||
| הֹבִישׁוּ they will put to shame | qatal · hiphil | רֹכְבֵי riders | |||
| רֹכְבֵי riders | participle active · qal | סוּסִֽים of horses |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Jonathan
וִיהוֹן גִבָּרֵי בֵּית יִשְׂרָאֵל דַיְשִׁין קְטִילֵי עַמְמַיָא בְּטִין שׁוּקִין בִּקְרָבָא וְיִגְחוּן קְרָב אֲרֵי מֵימְרָא דַייָ בְּסַעְדְהוֹן וְיִבְהֲתוּן רָכְבֵי סוּסְוָן:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:ZEC:142.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ZEC.10.5/