1 Kings 4:20 · JPS 1917
Judah and Israel were many, as the sand which is by the sea in multitude, eating and drinking and making merry.
Who acts: Judah, sand · What happens: be, eat, drink, make · To what, where: multitude
This is 1 Kings 4:20 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Judah, sand), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Judah | Judah | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 many | nsubj |
| 2 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 Israel | cc |
| 3 | Israel | Israel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Judah | conj |
| 4 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 many | cop |
| 5 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 many | punct |
| 7 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 9 sand | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 sand | det |
| 9 | sand | sand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 many | obl |
| 10 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 14 sea | nsubj |
| 11 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 sea | cop |
| 12 | by | by | ADP | _ | 14 sea | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 sea | det |
| 14 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 sand | acl:relcl |
| 15 | in | in | ADP | _ | 16 multitude | case |
| 16 | multitude | multitude | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 many | nmod |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 eating | punct |
| 18 | eating | eat | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 5 many | advcl |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 drinking | cc |
| 20 | drinking | drink | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 18 eating | conj |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 making | cc |
| 22 | making | make | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 18 eating | conj |
| 23 | merry | merry | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 making | xcomp |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 many | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- pos
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | Judah and Israel | multitude | as the sand; many property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | is | present | the sand | by the sea | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | eat | gerund | Judah and Israel not said here | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | drink | gerund | Judah and Israel not said here | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | make | gerund | Judah and Israel not said here | merry property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
יְהוּדָ֤ה וְיִשְׂרָאֵל֙ רַבִּ֔ים כַּח֥וֹל אֲשֶׁר־עַל־הַיָּ֖ם לָרֹ֑ב אֹכְלִ֥ים וְשֹׁתִ֖ים וּשְׂמֵחִֽים׃
1 Kings 4:20: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:1KI:156 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.156/