1 Kings 20:32 · JPS 1917
So they girded sackcloth on their loins, and put ropes on their heads, and came to the king of Israel, and said: 'Thy servant Ben-hadad saith: I pray thee, let me live.' And he said: 'Is he yet alive? he is my brother.'
Who acts: servants, servant, I, me, king · What happens: gird, put, come, say, pray, let · To what, where: sackcloth, loins, ropes, heads, thee, me · Speech: someone speaks here
This is 1 Kings 20:32 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (servants, servant, I, me), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 3 girded | advmod |
| 2 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 girded | nsubj |
| 3 | girded | gird | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | sackcloth | sackcloth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 girded | obj |
| 5 | on | on | ADP | _ | 7 loins | case |
| 6 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 loins | nmod:poss |
| 7 | loins | loin | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 girded | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 put | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 put | cc |
| 10 | put | put | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 girded | conj |
| 11 | ropes | rope | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 put | obj |
| 12 | on | on | ADP | _ | 14 heads | case |
| 13 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 heads | nmod:poss |
| 14 | heads | head | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 put | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 came | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 came | cc |
| 17 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 girded | conj |
| 18 | to | to | ADP | _ | 20 king | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 king | det |
| 20 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 came | obl |
| 21 | of | of | ADP | _ | 22 Israel | case |
| 22 | Israel | Israel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 king | nmod |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 said | punct |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 said | cc |
| 25 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 girded | conj |
| 26 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 25 said | punct |
| 27 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 33 saith | punct |
| 28 | Thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 29 servant | nmod:poss |
| 29 | servant | servant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 saith | nsubj |
| 30 | Ben | Ben | PROPN | Number=Sing | 29 servant | appos |
| 31 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 32 hadad | punct |
| 32 | hadad | hadad | PROPN | Number=Sing | 30 Ben | flat |
| 33 | saith | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 25 said | ccomp |
| 34 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 36 pray | punct |
| 35 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 36 pray | nsubj |
| 36 | pray | pray | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 33 saith | ccomp |
| 37 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 36 pray | obj |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 let | punct |
| 39 | let | let | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 36 pray | conj |
| 40 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 39 let | obj |
| 41 | live | live | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 39 let | xcomp |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 girded | punct |
| 43 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 3 girded | punct |
| 44 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 46 said | cc |
| 45 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 46 said | nsubj |
| 46 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 girded | conj |
| 47 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 52 alive | punct |
| 48 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 52 alive | punct |
| 49 | Is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 52 alive | cop |
| 50 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 52 alive | nsubj |
| 51 | yet | yet | ADV | _ | 52 alive | advmod |
| 52 | alive | alive | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 46 said | ccomp |
| 53 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 52 alive | punct |
| 54 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 57 brother | nsubj |
| 55 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 57 brother | cop |
| 56 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 57 brother | nmod:poss |
| 57 | brother | brother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 girded | parataxis |
| 58 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 girded | punct |
| 59 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 3 girded | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- other
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed form=other, act=narrate, indirect=0, polarity=none, voice=narrator
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | gird | past | servants = servant | sackcloth | servants's loins | tree rules | |||
| 2 | put | past | servants = servant not said here | ropes | servants's heads | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent rope=Theme on head=Destination | |||
| 3 | come | past | servants = servant not said here | to the king of Israel | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to king=Initial_Location | ||||
| 4 | say speech: assert | past | servants = servant not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 5 | say speech: assert | present | Thy servant | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 6 | pray | present | I | thee | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | let | infinitive | I not said here | me | tree rules | ||||
| 8 | live | infinitive | me not said here | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 9 | say speech: assert | past | king | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 10 | is | present | king | yet | alive property | tree rules | |||
| 11 | is a | present | king | my brother | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיַּחְגְּרוּ֩ שַׂקִּ֨ים בְּמָתְנֵיהֶ֜ם וַחֲבָלִ֣ים בְּרָאשֵׁיהֶ֗ם וַיָּבֹ֙אוּ֙ אֶל־מֶ֣לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ עַבְדְּךָ֧ בֶנ־הֲדַ֛דבֶנ־הֲדַ֛ד אָמַ֖ר תְּחִֽי־נָ֣א נַפְשִׁ֑י וַיֹּ֛אמֶר הַעוֹדֶ֥נּוּ חַ֖י אָחִ֥י הֽוּא׃
1 Kings 20:32: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:1KI:760 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.760/