1 Samuel 23:3 · JPS 1917

And David's men said unto him: 'Behold, we are afraid here in Judah; how much more then if we go to Keilah against the armies of the Philistines?'

Who acts: men, we · What happens: say, be, go · To what, where: Judah, Keilah · Speech: someone speaks here

This is 1 Samuel 23:3 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (men, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	And	and	CCONJ	_	5 said	cc
2	David	David	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 men	nmod:poss
3	's	's	PART	_	2 David	case
4	men	man	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 said	nsubj
5	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	unto	unto	ADP	_	7 him	case
7	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 said	obl
8	:	:	PUNCT	_	14 afraid	punct
9	'	'	PUNCT	_	14 afraid	punct
10	Behold	behold	INTJ	_	14 afraid	discourse
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 Behold	punct
12	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	14 afraid	nsubj
13	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 afraid	cop
14	afraid	afraid	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 said	ccomp
15	here	here	ADV	PronType=Dem	14 afraid	advmod
16	in	in	ADP	_	17 Judah	case
17	Judah	Judah	PROPN	Number=Sing	14 afraid	obl
18	;	;	PUNCT	_	21 more	punct
19	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	20 much	advmod
20	much	much	ADV	_	21 more	advmod
21	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	5 said	parataxis
22	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	25 go	advmod
23	if	if	SCONJ	_	25 go	mark
24	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	25 go	nsubj
25	go	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	21 more	advcl
26	to	to	ADP	_	27 Keilah	case
27	Keilah	Keilah	PROPN	Number=Sing	25 go	obl
28	against	against	ADP	_	30 armies	case
29	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	30 armies	det
30	armies	army	NOUN	Number=Plur	25 go	obl
31	of	of	ADP	_	33 Philistines	case
32	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	33 Philistines	det
33	Philistines	philistine	PROPN	Number=Plur	30 armies	nmod
34	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 said	punct
35	'	'	PUNCT	_	5 said	punct

Pragmatics

form: yes/no question
act: assert
voice: character
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	past	David's men			unto David	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	is	present	we	Judah; here		afraid property	tree rules
3	go a condition, not said to happen	present	we	Keilah	then	against the armies of the Philistines	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to keilah=Initial_Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The Hebrew of this verse

וַיֹּ֨אמְר֜וּ אַנְשֵׁ֤י דָוִד֙ אֵלָ֔יו הִנֵּ֨ה אֲנַ֥חְנוּ פֹ֛ה בִּֽיהוּדָ֖ה יְרֵאִ֑ים וְאַף֙ כִּֽי־נֵלֵ֣ךְ קְעִלָ֔ה אֶל־מַֽעַרְכ֖וֹת פְּלִשְׁתִּֽים׃ס

1 Samuel 23:3: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →

Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:1SA:662 of Mova's parse database.

The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.662/