1 Samuel 25:31 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2
that this shall be no stumbling-block unto thee, nor offence of heart unto my lord, either that thou hast shed blood without cause, or that my lord hath found redress for himself.
Who acts: this, thou, lord · What happens: be, shed, find, offend · To what, where: stumbling block, blood, redress, heart
This is 1 Samuel 25:31 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (this, thou, lord), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 8 block | mark |
| 2 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 8 block | nsubj |
| 3 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 8 block | aux |
| 4 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 8 block | cop |
| 5 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 8 block | det |
| 6 | stumbling | stumbling | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 block | compound |
| 7 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 6 stumbling | punct |
| 8 | block | block | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 9 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 10 thee | case |
| 10 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 8 block | nmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 offence | punct |
| 12 | nor | nor | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 13 offence | cc |
| 13 | offence | offence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 block | conj |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 15 heart | case |
| 15 | heart | heart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 offence | nmod |
| 16 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 18 lord | case |
| 17 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 lord | nmod:poss |
| 18 | lord | lord | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 offence | nmod |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 shed | punct |
| 20 | either | either | CCONJ | _ | 24 shed | cc:preconj |
| 21 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 24 shed | mark |
| 22 | thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 24 shed | nsubj |
| 23 | hast | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 shed | aux |
| 24 | shed | shed | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 8 block | advcl |
| 25 | blood | blood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 shed | obj |
| 26 | without | without | ADP | _ | 27 cause | case |
| 27 | cause | cause | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 shed | obl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 found | punct |
| 29 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 34 found | cc |
| 30 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 34 found | mark |
| 31 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 32 lord | nmod:poss |
| 32 | lord | lord | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 found | nsubj |
| 33 | hath | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 34 found | aux |
| 34 | found | find | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 24 shed | conj |
| 35 | redress | redress | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 found | obj |
| 36 | for | for | ADP | _ | 37 himself | case |
| 37 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 34 found | obl |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 block | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed act=assert, voice=character
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | shall | this | no stumbling block nor offence of heart unto my lord | unto thee | tree rules | |||
| 2 | shed | present · perfect | thou | blood | without cause | vn substance_emission-43.4-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location blood=Source | |||
| 3 | find | present · perfect | my lord | redress | for lord | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent redress=Theme for himself=Beneficiary | |||
| 4 | offend | heart | unto my lord | nom offence «act transitive»: of=patient unto=obl |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וְלֹ֣א תִהְיֶ֣ה זֹ֣את ׀ לְךָ֡ לְפוּקָה֩ וּלְמִכְשׁ֨וֹל לֵ֜ב לַאדֹנִ֗י וְלִשְׁפָּךְ־דָּם֙ חִנָּ֔ם וּלְהוֹשִׁ֥יעַ אֲדֹנִ֖י ל֑וֹ וְהֵיטִ֤ב יְהוָה֙ לַֽאדֹנִ֔י וְזָכַרְתָּ֖ אֶת־אֲמָתֶֽךָ׃ס
1 Samuel 25:31: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
This verse in JPS 1917:
- that this shall be no stumbling-block unto thee, nor offence of heart unto my lord, either that thou hast shed blood without cause, or that my lord hath found redress for himself.
- And when the LORD shall have dealt well with my lord, then remember thy handmaid.'
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:1SA:752 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.752/